RULES OF XOMENCLATUEE 57 



Art. 64. A name of a taxonomic group must be rejected if the characters of that 

 group were derived from two or more entirely discordant elements, especially if those 

 elements were erroneously supposed to form part of the same individual. 



A list of names to be abandoned for this reason (Nomina confusa) will form Ap- 

 pendix VI.* 



Art. 65. A name or epithet of a taxonomic group must be rejected when it is based 

 on a monstrosity. 



Art. 66. The name of an order, suborder, family or subfamily, tribe or subtribe 

 must be changed when it is taken from the name of a genus whicli is known not to be- 

 long to the group in question — e.g. if the genus Portulaca were excluded from the 

 family now known as Portulacaceae, the residual group could no longer bear the name 

 Portulacaceae, and would have to be renamed. 



Art. 67. Names of genera are illegitimate in the following special cases and must 

 be rejected: 



(1) When they are merely words not intended as names: e.g. Anonymous Walt. 



(Fl. Carol. 2, 4, 9, etc. : 1788) must be rejected as being a word applied to 28 

 different genera by Walter to indicate that they were without names. 



(2) When they coincide with a technical term currently used in morphology un- 



less they were accompanied, when originally published, by specific names 

 in accordance with the binary method of Linnaeus. On and after Jan. 1, 

 1912, all new generic names coinciding with such technical terms are un- 

 conditionally rejected. 



(3) When they are unitary designations of species: e.g. Ehrhart (Phytophylacium: 



1780; and Beitr. iv, 145-150: 1798) proposed unitary names for various 

 species known at that time under binary names: e.g. Phaeocephalum for 

 Schoeniis fuscus, and Leptostachys for Carex leptoslachys. These names, 

 which resemble generic names, should not be confused with them, and 

 must be rejected, unless they have been published as generic names by a 

 subsequent author. 



(4) When they consist of two words, unless these words were from the first com- 



bined into one, or joined by a hyphen. 

 Art. 68. Specific epithets are illegitimate in the following cases and must be re- 

 jected: 



(1) When they are merely words not intended as names. 



(2) When they are merely ordinal adjectives being used for enumeration. 



(3) When they exactly repeat the generic name with or without the addition of a 



transcribed symbol. 



(4) When they were published in works in which the Linnean system of binary 



nomenclature for species was not consistently employed. 

 Art. 69. In cases foreseen in Art. 60-68 the name or epithet to be rejected is re- 

 placed by the oldest legitimate name, or (in a combination) by the oldest legitimate 

 epithet. If none exists, a new name or epitliet must be chosen. Where a new epithet 

 is required, an author may, if he wishes, adopt an epithet previously given to the 

 group in an illegitimate combination, if there is no obstacle to its employment in the 

 new position or sense. 



Section 13. Orthography of Names (Art. 70-71, 



Rec. XXXVIII-XLIV) 



Art. 70. The original spelling of a name or epithet must be retained, except in the 



case of a typographic error, or of a clearly unintentional orthographic error. When 



the difference between two generic names lies in the termination, these names must 



* Appendix VI has not been published as yet. 



