82 MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



FAMILY II. PSEUDOMONADACEAE WINSLOW ET AL. 

 (Jour. Bact., 2, 1917, 555.) 



Cells without endospores, elongate rods, straight or more or less spirally curved. 

 One genus (Mycoplana) has branched cells. Usually motile by polar flagella which 

 are either single or in small or large tufts. A few species are non-motile. Gram-nega- 

 tive (a few doubtful Gram-positive tests are recorded in Pseudomonas). Grow 

 well and fairly rapidly on the surface of ordinary culture media excepting Methano- 

 monas and some vibrios that attack cellulose. They are preferably aerobic, only 

 certain vibrios including Desulfovibrio being anaerobic. Either water or soil forms, 

 or plant or animal pathogens. 



Key to the tribes of family Pseudomonadaceae. 



1. Straight rods. 



Tribe I. Pseudomonadeae, p. 82. 



2. Cells more or less spirally curved. 



Tribe II. Spirillcae, p. 192. 



TRIBE I. PSEUDOMONADEAE KLUYVER AND VAN NIEL. 



(Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 94, 1936, 397.) 



This tribe includes all of the straight and branching rods of the family. 

 Key to the genera of tribe Pseudomonadeae. 

 I. Soil and water bacteria. Few animal and many plant pathogens. Usually 

 produce a water-soluble pigment which diffuses through the medium as a 

 bluish-green or yellowish-green pigment. 



Genus I. Pseudomonas, p. 82. 

 II. Cells usually monotrichous with yellow non-water-soluble pigment. Mostly 

 plant pathogens causing necrosis. 



Genus II. Xanthomonas, p. 150. 



III. Soil bacteria which oxidize methane. 



Genus III. Methanomonas, p. 179. 



IV. Bacteria which oxidize alcohol to acetic acid. 



Genus IV. Acetobacier, p. 179. 

 V. Soil and water bacteria known to attack protamines. 



Genus V. Protaminobacter, p. 189. 

 VI. Soil bacteria with branching cells. Capable of using aromatic compounds, 

 as phenol, etc., as a source of energy. 



Genus VI. Mycoplana, p. 191. 



Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula* 



(Migula Arb. bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 1894, 237; Bacterium Ehrenberg emend. 

 Cohn, Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pflanzen, 1, Heft 1, 1872, 167; BactriUum Fischer, Jahrb. f. 

 wissensch. Bot., 27, 1895, 139; Bactrinium Fischer, ibid., 41 ; Arthrobactrinium Fischer, 

 ibid., 139; Arthrobactr ilium Fischer, ibid., 139; Bactrinius Kendall, Public Health, 

 28, 1902, 484; Bacirillius Kendall, ibid.; Bacterium Ehrenberg emend. Smith, Bacteria 



* Revised for the 5th ed. of the Manual by Prof. D. H. Bergey, Philadelphia, Penn- 

 sylvania, 1937. Further revision for the 6th ed. by Prof. R. S. Breed, New York State 

 Experiment Station, Geneva, New York, with incorporation of the plant pathogenic 

 species by Prof. Walter H. Burkholder, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 

 April, 1943. 



