FAMILY PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



89 



1. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroe- 

 ter) Aligula. (Bacterium aeruginosum 

 Schroeter, in Cohn, Beitrage z. Biologie, 

 1, Heft 2, 1872, 126; Bacillus pyocyaneus 

 Gessard, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 

 94, 1882, 536; Micrococcus pyocyaneus 

 Zopf, Spaltpilze, 2 Aufl., 1884, 83; Bacil- 

 lua acruginosus Trevisan, Atti Accad. 

 Fis.-Med. Stat., Milano, Ser. 4, 3, 1885, 

 11; Bacillus fluorescens Crookshank, 

 Man. of Bact., 3rd ed., 1890, 247; not 

 Bacillus fluorescens Bergey et al., Man- 

 ual, 1st ed., 1923, 287; Pseudomonas 

 pyocyanea Migula, in Engler and Prantl, 

 Die natiirl. Pflanzenfam, 1, la, 1895, 29; 

 Bacterium pyocyaneum Lehmann and 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 267; Migula, Syst. Bakt., 2, 1900, 884.) 

 From Latin, full of copper rust, or ver- 

 digris; green. 



Rods: 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.5 microns, oc- 

 curring singly, in pairs and short chains. 

 Motile, possessing one to three polar 

 flagella. Monotrichous (Reid, Xaghski, 

 Farrell and Haley, Penn. Agr. Exp. Sta., 

 Bull. 422, 1942, 6). Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies : Yellowish or greenish- 

 yellow, fringed, irregular, skein-like, 

 granular, rapidly liquefying. 



Gelatin stab : Rapid liquefaction. 

 The fluid assumes a yellowish-green or 

 bluish-green color. 



Agar colonies: Large, spreading, gray- 

 ish mth dark center and translucent 

 edge, irregular. Medium greenish. 



Agar slant: Abundant, thin, white, 

 glistening, the medium turning green to 

 dark brown or black, fluorescent. 



Broth: Marked turbidity with thick 

 pellicle and heavy sediment. Medium 

 yellowish-green to blue, mth fluores- 

 cence, later brownish. Produces pyo- 

 cyanin, fluorescein and pjTorubrin (Am. 

 Jour. Hyg., 5, 1925, 707). 



Litmus milk: A soft coagulum is 

 formed, with rapid peptonization and 

 reduction of litmus. Reaction alkaline. 



Potato: Luxuriant, dirty-brown, the 

 medium becoming dark green. 



Indole usually not formed (Sandiford, 

 Jour. Path, and Bact., U, 1937, 567). 



Nitrates are reduced to nitrites and 

 nitrogen. 



Glucose, fructose, galactose, arab- 

 inose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, dextrin, 

 inulin, glycerol, mannitol and dulcitol 

 are not attacked. Acid from glucose 

 (Sandiford, loc. cit.). 



Blood serum : Liquefied. Yellow 

 liquid, greenish on surface. 



Blood hemolyzed. 



Cultures have marked odor of tri- 

 methylamine. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. 



Pathogenic for rabbits, guinea pigs, 

 rats and mice. 



Common name : Blue pus organism. 



Source: Pus from wounds. Regarded 

 as identical with one of the plant patho- 

 gens {Pseudomonas polycolor) by Elrod 

 and Braun (Jour. Bact., U, 1942, 633). 



Habitat: Cause of various human and 

 animal lesions. Found in polluted 

 water and sewage. 



2. Pseudomonas jaegeri Migula. 

 {Bacillus proteus fluorescens H. Jaeger, 

 Ztschr. f. Hyg., 12, 1892, 593; Migula, 

 Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 885; Bacillus 

 proteus-fluorescens Holland, Jour. Bact., 

 5, 1920, 220; Proteus fluorescens Holland, 

 ibid., 224; Pseudomonas prolea-fluorescens 

 Holland, ibid., 224.) Named for H. 

 .Jaeger who first described the species. 



Short, thick rods, with rounded ends, 

 occurring singly and in pairs. Motile 

 with a tuft of polar flagella which may be 

 pushed to one side where cells remain 

 in a chain. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, transparent, 

 becoming proteus-like. 



Gelatin stab: Marked surface growth. 



Saccate to infundibuliform liquefaction. 

 Liquefied portion green fluorescent. 



Agar slant : Thick, yellowish-white 

 layer, the medium becoming greenish- 

 fluorescent. At times gas is formed. 



Broth : Turbid, with greenish-gray pel- 

 licle and sediment. 



Litmus milk : Not coagulated. 



