102 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20° to 25°C. 



Habitat : Water. 



36. Pseudomonas punctata (Zimmer- 

 mann) Chester. (Bacillus punctatus 

 Zimmermann, Bakt. unserer Trink- unci 

 Nutzwasser, Chemnitz, 1, 1890, 38; 

 Bacillus aquatilis communis Kruse, in 

 Fliigge, Die Mikroorganismen, 2, 1896, 

 315; Bacterium -punctatum Lehmann and 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 238; Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 

 313; Achromobacter punctatum Bergey et 

 al., ]VIanual, 1st ed., 1923, 147.) From 

 Latin, punctus, a puncture, point; M. L. 

 punctate, dotted. 



Rods: 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.5 micron, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and in chains. Motile 

 with a single polar flagellum. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, gray, 

 erose to filamentous, punctiform. 



Gelatin stab: Crateriform liquefaction. 

 No pellicle. 



Agar slant: Gray, smooth, filamentous. 



Broth: Turbid with delicate pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Acid; coagulated; pep- 

 tonized. 



Potato : Brownish-yellow to brownish- 

 red color. 



Indole is formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide is formed. 



Acid and gas from glucose. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 30°C. 



Source : Common in the Chemnitz 

 tap water. 



Habitat : Cause of a hemorrhagic septi- 

 cemia in carp {Cyprinus) (Schaperclaus, 

 Ztschr. f. Fischerei, 28, 1930; Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 105, 1942, 49). 



37. Pseudomonas hydrophila (Ches- 

 ter) comb. nov. {Bacillus hydrophilus 

 fuscus Sanarelli, Cent. f. Bakt., 9, 1891, 

 222; Bacterium hydrophilus fuscus Ches- 

 ter, Delaware College Agr. Expt. Sta., 

 9th Ann. Rept., 1897, 92; Bacillus hydro- 



philus Chester, Manual Determ. Bact., 

 1901, 235; Bacterium hydrophilum Weldin 

 and Levine, Bact. Abs., 7, 1923, 14; 

 Proteus hydrophilus Bergey et al.. Man- 

 ual, 1st ed., 1923, 211; Aeromonas hydro- 

 phila Stanier, Jour. Bact., 46, 1943, 213.) 

 From Greek, hydor, water, philus, loving; 

 M. L. water-loving. 



It was reported by Russell, Jour. Amer. 

 Med. Assoc, 30, 1898, 1442 and later by 

 Emerson and Norris, Jour. Exper. Med., 

 7, 1905, 32 who made a complete study of 

 its properties and its pathogenic action. 



Weldin (Iowa State College Jour. Sci., 

 1, 1927, 151) considers Bacillus ranicida 

 Ernst (Beitrage z. path. Anat. u. z. 

 Allgemein. Pathol., 8, 1890, 204; Bac- 

 terium ranicida Chester, Ann. Rept. 

 Del. Col. Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 141) a 

 possible synonym of Proteus hydrophilus. 



Rods: 0.6 by 1.3 microns, occurring 

 singly and in chains. Motile, with a 

 single polar flagellum (Kulp and Borden, 

 Jour, of Bact., U, 1942, 673). Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, gray, 

 translucent, stippled. 



Gelatin stab: Napiform liquefaction. 



Agar colonies : Whitish, raised, moist, 

 stippled. 



Agar slant : Thin, whitish, glassy, 

 spreading, becoming yellowish. 



Broth : Turbid, with heavy pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Acid; coagulated; pep- 

 tonized. 



Potato: Yellowish-brown, moist 

 slightly raised. 



Indole is formed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Acid and gas from glucose, maltose, 

 sucrose and mannitol. No action on lac- 

 tose. 



Gas ratio H.rCO. = 1:4.71. Methyl 

 red negative, acetylmethylcarbinol posi- 

 tive, indol negative, citrate positive 

 (Speck and Stark, Jour. Bact., U, 1942, 

 697). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. 



Pathogenic for frogs, salamanders, fish, 



