110 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



60. Pseudomonas salinaria Harrison 

 and Kennedy. (Harrison and Kennedy, 

 Trans. Royal Soc. of Canada, 16, 1922, 

 121; Serratia salinaria Bergey et al.. 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 93; Flavobacterium 

 (Halobacterium) salinarium Elazari-Vol- 

 cani. Studies on the Microflora of the 

 Dead Sea, Thesis, Hebrew Univ., Jeru- 

 salem, 1940, 59.) From Latin, salinae, 

 saltworks. 



Probable synonym : Serratia sambhari- 

 anus Dixit and Vachna, Current Sci., 11, 

 1942, 107 (see Biol. Abs., 17, 1943, 793). 

 Halophilic growing in 30 per cent salt. 

 From salt lake in India. 



Occurs as spheres and rods, 2.0 to 3.0 

 microns in diameter, 1.0 to 1.6 by 3.0 

 to 15.0 microns, occurring singly, as 

 ovoid, amoeboid, clavate, cuneate, trun- 

 cate, spindle, club, pear-shape, and 

 irregular forms. Motile, frequently with 

 a fiagellum at each pole. Gram-negative. 



Does not grow on ordinary culture 

 media. Grows well on salted fish. 



Codfish agar (16 to 30 per cent salt) : 

 Growth slow, smooth, raised, coarsely 

 granular, entire, pale pink to scarlet 

 (Ridgway chart). 



No acid from carbohydrate media. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 42°C. 



Source : Isolated from cured codfish 

 (Harrison and Kennedy, loc. cit.). Iso- 

 lated from salted fish by Browne (Absts. 

 Bact., 6, 1922, 25 and Proc. Soc. Exper. 

 Biol, and Med., 19, 1922, 321) who re- 

 garded this pleomorphic bacterium as 

 two organisms — Spirochaeta halophiiica 

 and Bacterium halophiiica. 



Habitat: Produces reddening of dried 

 codfish and causes rusty herring. In 

 sea salt, and salt ponds containing not 

 less than 16 per cent salt. 



61. Pseudomonas cutirubra Lochhead. 

 {Serratia cutirubra Lochhead, Can. Jour. 



of Research, 10, 1934, 275; Bacterium 

 cutirubrum Lochhead, Jour. Bact., 27, 

 1934, 62; ibid., J^5, 1943, 575; Flavobac- 

 terium {Halobacterium cutirubrum Elaz- 

 ari-Volcani, loc. cit., 59.) From Latin, 

 cutis, skin, hide; ruber, red. 



Occurs as rods and spheres. Spheres 

 1 to 1.5 microns in diameter. Rods 1.5 

 to 8.0 by 0.7-1.4 microns. Rod forms 

 motile with single polar flagellum. Coc- 

 coid forms motile when young. Gram- 

 negative. 



No growth on ordinary media. 



Milk agar (20 per cent salt to satura- 

 tion; optimum 28-32 per cent) : Colonies 

 3-4 mm. in diameter, round and slightly 

 convex. Pink to rose doree (Ridgway 

 chart). 



Milk agar slants: Growth filiform, 

 slightly spreading, rather flat with 

 smooth, glistening surface and mem- 

 branous consistency. Proteolytic action. 



Liquid media: No or slight growth. 



Gelatin (salt ) : Pronounced liquefaction . 



Indole not formed, Lochhead {loc. cit.). 

 Faint test. Gibbons (Jour. Biol. Board 

 Canada, 3, 1936, 75). 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Diastatic action negative. 



No carbohydrate fermentation. 



Aerobic, obligate. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. 



Halophilic. 



Source : Isolated from salted hides. 



Habitat: Sea water and sea salt. 



62. Pseudomonas harveyi Johnson 

 comb. nov. {Achromobacter harveyi John- 

 son and Shunk, Jour. Bact., 31, 1936, 

 587.) Named for E. N. Harvey, who 

 studied luminous bacteria. 



Rods: 0.5 to 1.0 by 1.2 to 2.5 microns, 

 occurring singly or in pairs, with rounded 

 ends. Occasionally slightly curved; ends 

 occasionally slightly pointed. Non-spore- 

 forming. Capsules absent. Motile with 

 a single polar flagellum, 2 to 3 times the 

 length of the cell. Gram-negative. 



