FAMILY PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



111 



Sea water gelatin colonies: After 24 

 hours at 20°C, circular, about 1.5 mm. in 

 diameter or larger, margin slightly undu- 

 late, sunken due to the beginning of 

 liquefaction, interior somewhat zonate; 

 colonies surrounded bj' a halo of numerous 

 small secondarj' colonies, circular and 

 finely granular. In crowded plates a 

 large number of gas bubbles are formed. 

 Luminescent. 



Sea water gelatin stab : Rapid saccate 

 liquefaction complete in 5 days at 22°C. 

 Abundant flocculent sediment. 



Sea water agar colonies : Mostly very 

 large, 6 to 8 cm. in diameter in 24 hours, 

 flat, highly iridescent, circular with 

 undulate margin, or composed of narrow 

 and close or wide filamentous growth. 

 Occasionally small colonies appear that 

 are circular, with entire or slightly undu- 

 late margin, often producing irregular 

 secondary growth, surface always smooth. 

 Luminescent. 



Sea water agar slant : Growth abundant, 

 spreading, grayishly viscous, homogene- 

 ous, iridescent, the medium becoming 

 rapidly alkaline when inoculated at an 

 initial pH of 7.0. With fish decoctions 

 added to the medium, luminescence is 

 much brighter and growth becomes 

 brownish after several days. 



Growth on autoclaved fish: Abundant, 

 smooth, glistening, yellowish, becoming 

 dirty brown after several days. Mild 

 putrefactive odor. Luminescence very 

 brilliant. 



Sea water containing 0.2 per cent 

 peptone: Abundant uniform turbidity, 

 thin pellicle, sediment accumulating over 

 a period of several days. Luminescence 

 at surface only unless the tube is shaken. 



Milk, with or without the addition of 

 2.8 per cent salt: Xo growth. 



Potato plugs resting on cotton saturated 

 with sea water: Growth slight, somewhat 

 spreading, slightlj^ brownish. Luminous. 



Indole is formed (Gore's method). 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Ammonia is produced in peptone media 

 (Hansen method). 



Fixed acid from glucose, fructose, 

 mannose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, 

 mannitol, dextrin, glycogen, trehalose, 

 cellobiose; slowly from salicin. Xon- 

 fixed acid from melezitose; slight acid 

 from sorbitol, disappearing in 24 hours. 

 No acid from gh'cerol, xylose, arabinose, 

 dulcitol, inositol, adonitol, erythritol, 

 arabitol, lactose, raffinose, rhamnose, 

 fucose or alpha methyl glucoside. 



Starch agar: Wide zone of hydrolysis. 



Hj'drogen sulfide is produced (Zobell 

 and Fantham method). 



Temperature relations : Optimum 35° 

 to 39°C. Abundant growth at 22° to 

 25°C. Optimum luminescence at 20° to 

 40°C. 



Not pathogenic for white rats or amphi- 

 pods. 



Aerobic, facultative anaerobe. 



Source : Isolated from a dead amphipod 

 (Talorchestia sp.) at Woods Hole, Massa- 

 chusetts. 



Habitat : Sea water. 



63. Pseudomonas phosphorescens 



(Fischer) Bergey et al. (Bacillus phos- 

 phorescens Fischer, Zeitschr. f. Hyg., 2, 

 1887, 58; Photobacterium indicum Bei- 

 jerinck, Arch. Neerl. d. Sci. Exactes, 23, 

 1889, 401 ; Bacterium phosphorescens 

 Lehmann, Cent. f. Bakt., 5, 1889, 785; 

 not Bacterium phosphorescens Fischer, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., 3, 1888, 107; Bergey et al., 

 Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 177.) From Greek 

 phosphoreo, to bear or bring light. 



See page 699 for additional synonjins. 



Description taken from Fischer {loc. 

 cit.). 



Small, thick rods: 2 to 3 times as long 

 as wide, with rounded ends. Motile. 

 Stain lightly with aniline dj'es. 



Gelatin colonies: After 36 hours, small, 

 circular, gray-white, punctiform. 

 Liquefaction. Bluish to green phos- 

 phorescence in 4 to 5 days. 



Blood serum: Gray-white, slimy 

 growth. 



Potato: Thin white layer in 2 to 3 

 days. 



