FAMILY PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



117 



76. Pseudomonas lachrymans (Smith 

 and Bryan) Carsner. (Bacterium lachry- 

 mans Smith and Bryan, Jour. Agr. Res., 

 5, 1915, 466; Carsner, Jour. Agr. Res., 15, 

 1918, 15; Bacillus lachrymans Holland, 

 Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 218; Phytomonas 

 lachrymans Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 184.) From Latin, causing tears, 

 probably referring to the opaque drops 

 formed on the lesion caused by this 

 pathogen. 



Synonym: Elliott (Man. Bact. Plant 

 Pathogens, 1930, 147) lists the following 

 as a synonym: Bacillus burgeri Potebnia, 

 Khartov Prov. Agr. Exp. Sta., 1, 1915, 37. 

 Description from Smith and Brj^an 

 (loc. cil.) and Clara (Cornell Agr. Exp. 

 Sta. Mem. 159, 1934, 26). 



Rods: 0.8 by 1 to 2 microns. Motile 

 with 1 to 5 polar flagella. Capsules. 

 Gram-negative. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 

 Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef-peptone agar colonies : Circular, 

 smooth, glistening, transparent, whitish, 

 entire margins. 



Broth: Turbid in 24 hours. White 

 precipitate with crystals. 

 Milk: Turns alkaline and clears. 

 Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 

 Indole reaction weak. 

 No H2S produced. 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601). 



Acid but not gas from gUicose, fruc- 

 tose, mannose, arabinose, .xylose, sucrose 

 and mannitol. Alkaline reaction from 

 salts of citric, malic and succinic acid. 

 Maltose, rhamnose, lactose, raffinose, 

 glycerol and salicin not fermented (Clara, 

 loc. cit.). 



Starch partially digested. Not digested 

 (Clara, loc. cit.). 



Growth in 3 per cent salt after 12 days. 

 No growth in 4 per cent salt. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 27°C. 

 Maximum 35°C. Minimum 1°C. 



Aerobic. Facultative anaerobe (Clara, 

 loc. cit.). 



Source : Isolated from diseased cucum- 

 ber leaves collected in New York, Wis- 

 consin, Indiana and in Ontario, Canada. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on cucumber, 

 Cucumis sativus, and related plants. 



77. Pseudomonas maculicola (McCul- 

 loch) Stevens. {Bacterium maculicolum 

 McCulloch, U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant 

 Ind. Bui., 225, 1911, 14; Stevens, The 

 Fungi which cause Plant Diseases, 1913, 

 28; Phytomonas maculicola Bergey et al.. 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 189; Bacterium 

 maccullochianum Burgwitz, Phytopatho- 

 genic Bacteria, Leningrad, 1935, 77.) 

 From L. maculus, spot; -cola, dweller. 



Rods: 0.9 by 1.5 to 3 microns. Fila- 

 ments present. Motile with 1 to 5 polar 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 

 Gelatin: Liquefied. 

 Beef -peptone agar colonies : Whitish, 

 circular, shining, translucent, edges 

 entire. 

 Broth: Turbid. No ring or pellicle. 

 Milk: Becomes alkaline and clears. 

 Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 

 Indole production feeble. 

 No H-S formed. 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601). 



Acid from glucose, galactose, xylose, 

 sucrose, glycerol, and mannitol. Alka- 

 line reaction from salts of citric, malic, 

 malonic, and succinic acid. Salicin, 

 maltose, and salts of hippuric and tartaric 

 not utilized (Burkholder). 



Slight growth in broth plus 4 per cent 

 salt (Erw. Smith, Bact. Plant Diseases, 

 1920, 306). 

 Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 24° to 25°C. 

 Maximum 29°C. Minimum 0°C. 



Source : Isolated from diseased cauli- 

 flower leaves from Virginia. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on cauliflower and 

 cabbage. 



Note: Bacterium maculicola var.japo- 

 nicum Takimoto, Bui. Sci. Fak. Terkult 



