120 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



viridifaciens Bergey et al., Manual, 2nd 

 ed., 1925, 208), and Phylomonas vignae 

 var. leguminophila Burkholder, Cornell 

 Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 127, 1930, 51. Wil- 

 son (Phytopath., 30, 1940, 27) lists 

 Phytomonas cerasi (Griffin) Bergey et al. 

 (Pseudomonas cerasus Griffin, Science, 

 34, 1911, 615; Bacillus cerasus Holland, 

 Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 217; Bergey et al., 

 Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 262; Bacterium 

 cerasi Elliott, Bact. Plant Pathogens, 

 1930, 109.) This would include, there- 

 fore the following synonyms which 

 have been listed for Phytomonas cerasi. 

 Clara (Cornell Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 

 159, 1934, 25) lists Bacterium trifoliorum 

 Jones et al. (Jour. Agr. Res., 25, 1923, 

 471; Phytomonas trifoliorum Burk- 

 holder, Phytopath., 16, 1926, 922; 

 Pseudomonas trifoliorum Stapp, in Sor- 

 auer, Handb. d. Pflanzenkrankheiten, 2, 

 5 Aufl., 1928, 177) and Bacterium hold 

 Kendrick (Phytopath., 16, 1926, 236; 

 Pseudomonas hold Kendrick, ibid. ; 

 Phytomonas hold Bergey et al.. Manual, 

 3rd ed., 1930, 258). Wilson (Hilgardia, 

 10, 1936, 213) lists Pseudomonas prunicola 

 Wormald (Ann. Appl. Biol., 17, 1930, 

 725), Pseudomonas cerasi var. prunicola 

 Wilson (Hilgardia, S, 1933,83), Bacterium 

 citripntcale C. 0. Smith (Phytopath., 4, 

 1913, 69; Pseudomonas citriputealis 

 Stapp, in Sorauer, Handb. d. Pflanzen- 

 krankheiten, 2, 5 Aufl., 1928, 190; Phyto- 

 monas citriputealis Bergey et al., Manual, 

 3rd ed., 1930, 278) and Pseudomonas 

 utiformica Clara, Science, 75, 1932, HI 

 (Phytomonas utiformica Clara, Cornell 

 Agr. Exp. Sta. Mem. 159, 1934, 29; Bac- 

 terium utiformica Burgwitz, Phytopatho- 

 genic Bacteria, Leningrad, 1935, 444). A 

 probable synonym is Phytomonas 

 spongiosa (Aderhold and Ruhland) Ma- 

 grou {Bacillus spongiosus Aderhold 

 and Ruhland, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 15, 

 1905, 376; Pseudomonas spongiosa Braun, 

 Die Landwirtschaft, 41, 42, 1927, 2 pp.; 

 Bacterium spongiosum Elliott, Man. 

 Bact. Plant Pathogens, 1930, 214; Ma- 

 grou, in Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. 

 Path., Paris, 1937, 414). C. O. Smith 



(Phytopath., S3, 1943, 82) lists the follow- 

 ing as a synonym : Pseudomonas hibisci 

 (Nakata and Takimoto) Stapp (Bacteri- 

 um hibisci Nakata and Takimoto, Ann. 

 Phytopath. Soc. Japan, 1, 5, 1923, 18; 

 Stapp, in Sorauer, Handbuch der Pflan- 

 zenkrankheiten, 5 Aufl., 2, 1928, 203; 

 Phytomonas hibisci Bergey et al., Manuals 

 3rd ed., 1930, 264). 



Description from Clara (loc. cit.). 



Rods: 0.75 to 1.5 by 1.5 to 3.0 microns. 

 Motile with 1 or 2 polar flagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Beef -extract agar colonies : Circular, 

 grayish-white with bluish tinge. Surface 

 smooth. Edges entire or irregular. 



Broth: Turbid in 36 hours. No pelli- 

 cle. 



Milk: Alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



No HoS produced. 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601). 



Slight growth in broth plus 4 per 

 cent salt. 



Acid but not gas from glucose, galac- 

 tose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, su- 

 crose, mannitol and glycerol. Alkaline 

 reaction from salts of citric, malic, suc- 

 cinic and lactic acid. Rhamnose, mal- 

 tose, lactose, raffinose, salicin, and acetic, 

 formic and tartaric acid not fermented. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Source : Van Hall originally isolated 

 the pathogen from lilac. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on lilac, citrus, 

 cow peas, beans, lemons, cherries and 

 many unrelated plants. 



81a. Orsini reports the following as a 

 variety — Bacterium syringae var. capsici 

 Orsini. (Intern. Bull. Plant Prot., 33, 

 1942, 33.) Pathogenic on the pepper 

 plant (Capsicum). 



82. Pseudomonas atrofaciens (McCul- 

 loch) Stevens. (Bacterium atrofaciens 



