124 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



90. Pseudomonas papulans Rose. 

 (Rose, Phytopath., 7, 1917, 198; Phyto- 

 monas papulans Bergey et al.. Manual, 

 3rd ed., 1930, 267; Bacierivrn papulans 

 Elliott, Bacterial Plant Pathogens, 1930, 

 175; Phytonionas syringae var. papulans 

 Smith, Jour. Agr. Res., 68, 1944, 294.) 

 From L. papulans, forming blisters. 



Rods : 0.6 by 0.9 to 2.3 microns. Motile 

 with 1 to 6 polar flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 



Gelatin : Liquefied. 



Broth : Moderate turbidity in 24 hours. 



Milk : Alkaline and at times a soft 

 coagulum. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole: May or may not be produced. 



Acid but not gas formed from glucose 

 and sucrose. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 28°C. 

 Maximum 37°C. 



Source : Twenty-five cultures isolated 

 from blisters on apples and from rough 

 bark. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on apple trees. 



91. Pseudomonas pseudozoogloeae 



(Honing) Stapp. (Baclcrium pseudo- 

 zoogloeae Honing, Bull, van Het. Deli 

 Proefstation, Medan, 1, 1914, 7; Stapp, 

 in Sorauer, Handbuch der Pflanzen- 

 krankheiten, 2, 5 Auf., 1928, 274; Phyto- 

 rnonas pseudozoogloeae Bergey et al., 

 3rd ed., 1930, 261.) From Gr., pseudo, 

 false; M. L. zoogloea, zooglea. 



Rods: 0.7 to 1.5 by 0.9 to 2.5 microns. 

 Chains. Motile with 1 or 2 polar flagella. 

 Gram-negative. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Round, flat, yellow- 

 gray. 



Broth : Moderate turbidity with pseu- 

 dozoogloea in the pellicle. 



Milk : Coagulation. No clearing. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not formed. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Acid but not gas from glucose, lactose, 

 maltose, sucrose and mannitol. 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Source : Isolated from the black rust 

 of tobacco. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on tobacco, 

 Nicotiana tabacum. 



92. Pseudomonas tabaci (Wolf and 

 Foster) Stevens. {Bacterium tabacum 

 Wolf and Foster, Science, ^6, 1917, 362; 

 also Jour. Agr. Res., 12, 1918, 449; Phyto- 

 monas tabaci Bergey et al., Manual, 1st 

 ed., 1923, 185; Stevens, Plant Disease 

 Fungi, New York, 1925, 34.) From 

 Nicotiana tabacum, tobacco. 



Rods : 1.2 by 3.3 microns. Motile with 

 a polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin : Liquefaction. 



Potato agar colonies: Grayish-white, 

 circular, raised, wet-shining, smooth. 



Milk: Alkaline; clears. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not formed. 



Acid from glucose, galactose, fructose, 

 1-arabinose, xylose, sucrose, pectin, man- 

 nitol and glycerol (Braun, Phytopath., 

 27, 1937,289). 



Ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate, 

 cystine, glutamic acid, glycine, succin- 

 imide, oxamide, acetamide, and urea can 

 be used as nitrogen source (Braun). 



Starch not hydrolyzed. Aerobic. 



Distinctive character: Braun {loc. cit.) 

 states that Pseudomonas tabaci and Pseu- 

 domonas angulata are identical in culture. 



Source : Isolated from wildfire lesions 

 on tobacco leaves in North Carolina. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on tobacco, Nico- 

 tiana tabacum. 



93. Pseudomonas lapsa (Ark) Burk- 

 holder. (Phytomonas lapsa Ark, Phyto- 

 path., 30, 1940, 1; Burkholder, ibid., 32, 

 1942, 601.) From Latin, lapsus, falling, 

 referring to a symptom of the disease. 



Rods: 0.56 by 1.55 microns. Motile 

 with 1 to 4 polar flagella. 



Produces fluorescence in Uschinsky's, 

 Fermi's, and Cohn's solutions. 



