150 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Psctidorunnas viridescens Chester. 

 (Bacillus viridescens liquefaciens Rav- 

 enel, Mem. Nat. Acad. Sci., 8, 1896, 24; 

 Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 328.) 

 From soil. Said to form spores. 



Pseudomonas viridis Migula. (Bacil- 

 lis der grimen Diarrhoe der Kinder, 

 Lesage, Arch. d. Physiol, norm, et path., 

 20, 1888, 212; see Eisenberg, Bakt. Diag., 

 3 Aufl., 1891. 238; Miguhi, Syst. d. Bakt., 

 2, 1900, 886.) From intestine of children. 



Pseudomonas weigmanni Migula. 

 (Bakterie IV, Weigmann and Zirn, Cent, 

 f. Bakt., 15, 1894, 466; Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 892.) From soapy milk. 



Pseudomonas zorkendorferi Migula. 

 (Bacillus oogenes fluoresccns a, Zorken- 

 dorfer. Arch. f. Hyg., 16, 1893, 392; 

 Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 897.) 

 From hens' eggs. 



Appendix II : The following polar flagel- 

 late organism has been described from 

 activated sludge. H. Winogradsky has 

 also described polar flagellate forms from 

 the same source that form zoogloea 

 (Compt. rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 200, 



1935, 1887; Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 58, 1937, 

 333). 



Zoogloea ramigera Kruse emend. 

 Butterfield. (Kruse, in Fliigge, Die 

 Mikroorganismen, 3 Aufl., 1, 1896, 68; 

 Butterfield, Public Health Reports, 50, 

 1935, 671; Culture No. 50, Wattle, Pub. 

 Health Reports, 57, 1942, 1519.) 



Rods: 1 by 2 to 4 microns, with 

 rounded ends. Non-spore-forming. 

 Capsules present. Motile with a single 

 long polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin : No liquefaction. 



Grows better in aerated liquid media. 



Agar : Scant growth. 



Indole not formed. 



No HoS produced. 



No acid or gas from carbohydrates. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Optimum pH 7.0 to 7.4. 



Optimum temperature 28° to 30 °C. 

 Good growth at 20° and at 37 °C. Mini- 

 mum temperature 4°C. 



Strict aerobe. 



Distinctive character : Oxidizes sewage. 



Source : Isolated from activated sludge. 



Habitat: Produces zoogloeal masses in 

 activated sludge. 



Genus II. Xanthomonas Dowson* 



(Phytoinonas Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 174 ; Dowson, Cent, f . Bakt., II Abt., 



100, 1939, 187.) 



Cells usually monotrichous, with yellow, water-insoluble pigment. Proteins are 

 usually readily digested. Milk usually becomes alkaline. Hydrogen sulfide is pro- 

 duced. Asparagin is not sufficient as an only source of carbon and nitrogen. Acid is 

 produced from mono- and disaccharides. Mostly plant pathogens causing necrosis. 

 From Gr. xanthus, yellow ; monas, a unit ; M. L. monad. 



The type species is Xanthomonas hyacinihi (Wakker) Dowson. 



Key to the species of genus Xanthomonas. 



1. Colonies yellow. 



a. Gelatin liquefied. 



b. Starch hydrolysis feeble. 



c. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



1. Xanthomonas hyacinthi. 



2. Xanthomonas pruni. 



3. Xanthomonas vitians. 



Prepared by Prof. Walter H. Burkhol der, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N. Y., June, 1943. 



