FAMILY PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



159 



Nitrogen sources utilized are peptone, 

 aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, sodium 

 ammonium phosphate, allantoin, tyrosine 

 uric acid and brucine. 



Indole is not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced on lead 

 acetate agar. H2S produced after Zobell 

 and Feltham's method (Burkholder). 



Selenium dioxide reduced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid, no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, xy- 

 lose, raffinose, mannitol, glycerol, and 

 starch. Alkali from salts of citric, lactic, 

 malic and succinic acid. Arabinose, 

 rhamnose, dulcitol, salicin, inulin, and 

 cellulose not utilized. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Optimum temperature 28° to 32 °C. 

 Maximum 37 °C. Minimum 5° to 7°C. 

 Thermal death point 53° to 55°C. 



pH range for growth pH 5.2 to 10.5. 

 Optimum pH 6 to 8. 



Source : Isolated from black spots on 

 the leaves and nuts of English walnuts, 

 Juglans regia. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on the walnut, 

 Juglans spp. 



17. Xanthomonas lespedezae (Ayers, 

 Lefebvre and Johnson) comh. nov. (Phij- 

 tomonas lespedezae Ayers, Lefebvre and 

 Johnson, U. S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bui. 

 704, 1939, 19.) From AI. L. Lespedeza, 

 a generic name. 



Rods: 0.56 by 1.62 microns. Single, 

 in pairs or occasional short chain. Mo- 

 tile with 1 polar flagellum. Gram- 

 negative. Capsules. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. Also egg albumin 

 and blood serum. 



Nutrient agar colonies : Circular, 

 raised, glistening, translucent, and vis- 

 cid. Yellow. 



Broth : Turbid in 48 hours. 



Milk : Peptonized and becomes alka- 

 line. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole is produced after 11 days. 



Hydrogen sulfide is produced. 



No gas in carbohydrates. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature near 35 °C. 

 No growth at 5°C. or at 40 °C. 



Source : Isolated from diseased Les- 

 pedeza spp. collected in Virginia, New 

 York and Illinois. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on Lespedeza spp. 



18. Xanthomonas malvacearum (Erw. 

 Smith) Dowson. (Pseudomonas mal- 

 vacearum Erw. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Div. Veg. Phys. and Path., Bui. 28, 1901, 

 153; Bacterium malvacearum Erw. Smith, 

 Bact. in Rel. to Plant Diseases, 1, 1905, 

 171 ; Bacillus malvacearum Holland, 

 Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 219; Phytomonas 

 malvacearum Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st 

 ed., 1923, 178; Dowson, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) From L. 

 malva, mallows; M. L. Malvaceae, a 

 family name. 



Description from Elliott, Man. Bact. 

 Plant Pathogens, 1930, 153; and Lewis, 

 Phytopath., 20, 1930, 723. 



Rods : Motile with one polar flagellum. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar slants : IVIoderate growth, convex, 

 smooth, glistening, pale yellow, wavy to 

 irregular margins. 



Broth : Slight to moderate turbidity. 

 Sediment. 



Milk : Casein precipitated and slowly 

 digested. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide is produced (Burk- 

 holder). 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid but not gas from glucose, galac- 

 tose, fructose, xylose, lactose, maltose, 

 sucrose, raffinose, glycerol, inulin and 

 glycogen. Alkaline reaction from salts 

 of acetic, citric, lactic and succinic acids. 

 No fermentation of arabinose, mannitol, 

 dulcitol, salicin, and salts of formic, 

 o.xalic and tartaric acids (Lewis, loc. cit). 



Starch hydrolyzed (Lewis, loc. cit.). 



