FAMILY PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



163 



Res., 20, 1942, 317.) From M.L. 5eca/e, 

 a generic name. Distinctive characters: 

 Cultural characters same as other forms 

 of Xantliomonas translucens. This form 

 pathogenic on rye Secale cereale, but 

 not on Triticnm spp., Hordeum spp. 

 nor Avena spp. 



Source : Isolated from leaf spot on rye, 

 Secale cereale. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on rye. 



23d. Xanthomonas translucens f. sp. 

 hordei-avenae Hagborg. (Canadian Jour. 

 Res. JO, 1942,317.) FromM.L. Hordeum 

 and Avena, generic names. 



Distinctive characters : Cultural char- 

 acters same as other forms of Xantho- 

 monas translucens . Pathogenic on barley, 

 Hordeum spp. and oats, Avena spp., but 

 not on wheat, Triticium spp., nor rye, 

 Secale cereale. 



Source : Isolated 6 times from barley 

 at various places in Canada. 



Habitat : Occurs naturally on barley. 



23e. Xanthomonas translucens i. sp. 

 cerealis Hagborg. (Canadian Jour. Res., 

 20, 1942, 317.) From L., of cereal. 



Distinctive characters : Cultural char- 

 acters same as other forms of Xantho- 

 monas translucens . Pathogenic on wheat, 

 Triticum spp.; oats, Avena spp.; barley, 

 Hordeum spp. ; and rj^e, Secale cereale. 



Source : Isolated from wheat in Canada. 



Habitat: Occurs naturallj^ on wheat. 



24. Xanthomonas vasculorum (Cobb) 

 Dowson. {Bacillus rasciilarum (sic) 

 Cobb, Agr. Gaz. of New South Wales, 4, 

 1S93, 777 ; Abst. in Cent, f . Bakt., II Abt., 

 /, 1895,41 ; Bacterium vascxdarum Migula, 

 Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 512; Pseudomonas 

 vascularinn Erw. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Div. Veg. Phys. and Path., Bui. 28, 1901, 

 153; Phytomonas vascularum Bergey et 

 al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 179; Dowson, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) 

 From L. vasculum, a small vessel ;M. L. 

 the vascular system. 



Note: Erw. Smith (Bact. in Rel. to 



Plant Dis., 3, 1914, 88) states that prob- 

 ably Spegazzini (El Polville de la Cana 

 de Azucar, June, 1895, La Plata, Supl. 

 Rev. Azuc, Buenos Aires, No. 16, 1895) 

 reported the disease caused by Xantho- 

 monas vasculorum but that Bacillus 

 sacchari Spegazzini which he claimed 

 to be the pathogen, was a saprophyte. 



Description from Smith (loc. cit., 54). 



Rods : 0.4 by 1.0 microns. Motile with 

 a polar flagellum. Gram-variable. 



Gelatin : Liquefaction feeble. Lique- 

 faction good (Burkholder). 



Beef -extract agar colonies : Pale j^ellow,. 

 smooth, glistening, not noticeably viscid. 



Broth: Good growth. 



Milk: Alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 82, 1942, 600). 



Acid but not gas from glucose, fruc- 

 tose andglj'cerol. 



Starch hydrolyzed (Burkholder). 



Optimum temperature 30°C. Maxi- 

 mum 35° to 37.5°C (Elliott, loc. cit.). 



Habitat : Pathogenic on sugar cane, 

 Saccharum officinarum, causing a bac- 

 terial gummosis. 



25. Xanthomonas vesicatoria (Doidge) 

 Dowson. {Bacterium vcsicatorium 

 Doidge, Jour. Dept. Agr,, S. Africa, 1, 

 1920, 718; also Ann. Appl. Biol., 7, 1921, 

 428; Pseudomonas vesicatoria Stapp, in 

 Sorauer, Handb. d. Pflanzenkrank., 2, 

 5 Aufi., 1928, 259; Phytomonas vesica- 

 toria Bergey et al., Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 

 253; Dowson, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 100, 1939, 190. ) From L. vesica, a blister ; 

 M. L. vesicatorius, causing blisters. 



Synonyms : Gardner and Kendrick 

 (Phytopath., 13, 1923, 307) list Pseudo- 

 monas exitiosa Gardner and Kendrick 

 (Phytopath., 11, 1921, 55; Bacterium 

 exitiosum Gardner and Kendrick, Jour. 

 Agr. Res., 21, 1921, 141; Phytomonas 

 exitiosa Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 183) and an unnamed species, 

 Higgins (Phytopath, 12, 1922, 513). 



Rods : 0.6 to 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.5 microns 



