FAMILY PSEtJDO:MONADACEAE 



167 



Broth : Turbid in 24 hours. No pellicle 

 but a moderate sediment. 



Milk : Becomes clear with a heavy 

 casein precipitate. Peptonization with 

 crystal formation. 



Nitrates reduced to ammonia. 



Indole not formed. 



Hydrogen sulfide formed. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid from glucose, galactose, fructose, 

 xylose, rhamnose, lactose, sucrose, raf- 

 finose and glycerol. Alkaline reaction 

 from salts of citric, malic, malonic and 

 succinic acid. No growth in arabinose 

 or formic, hippuric, maleic or tartaric 

 acid. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Aerobe. 



Distinctive characters : Pathogenic on 

 Geranium spp., not on the house gera- 

 nium, Pelargonium hortorum. In culture 

 similar to Xanlhomonas pelargonii. 



Source : Three cultures isolated from 

 Geranium- sangnineurn. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on Geranium san- 

 guineum, G. maculatum, G. pratense and 

 G. sylvaticum. 



34. Xanthomonas antirrhini (Taki- 

 moto) Dowson. {Psendomonas anti- 

 rrhini Takimoto, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 34, 

 1920, 257; Bacterium antirrhini Elliott, 

 Man. Bact. Plant Path., 1930, 93; Phyto- 

 monas antirrhini Magrou, in Hauduroy 

 et al., Diet. d. bact. path., Paris, 1937, 

 331; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 

 26, 1943, 11.) From Gr. antirrhinum, 

 snapdragon; M. L. Antirrhinum, a 

 generic name. 



Description from Elliott (loc.cit.). 



Rods: 0.3 to 0.4 by 0.8 to 1.2 microns. 

 Motile with polar flagella. Capsules. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar colonies: Round, glistening, 

 white, later yellow. 



Milk: Coagulated and casein digested. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



No gas produced. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 26° to 27°C. 

 Maximum 34°C. 



Habitat: Causes a leaf spot of Anti- 

 rrhinum majus. 



35. Xanthomonas heterocea (Vzoroff) 

 comb. nov. {Phytomonas heterocea 

 Vzoroff, Bull. North Caucasian Plant 

 Prot. Sta. Roztoff-on-Don, 6-7, 1930, 

 263; Bacterium heteroceum Burgwitz, 

 Phytopathogenic bacteria, Leningrad, 

 1935, 135.) From Gr. hcterus, another, 

 different. 



Description taken from Rev. App. 

 Myc, 10, 1931, 628. 



Rods : 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. 

 Motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin : Slow liquefaction. 



Agar colonies : Round, convex, smooth, 

 semi-transparent, glistening, yellow to 

 amber, 2 mm. in diameter. Pitted sur- 

 face . 



Milk: No coagulation. At first acid, 

 later alkaline. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not formed. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Acid from glucose, galactose, arabi- 

 nose, xylose, sucrose, maltose, salicin, 

 glycerol and mannitol . Does not ferment 

 lactose, inulin, ethyl alcohol, esculin, 

 adonitol or dulcitol. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 30°C. 



Source : Isolated from diseased tobacco 

 in the North Caucasus. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on Nicotiana 

 tabacum. 



36. Xanthomonas gummisudans (Mc- 

 Culloch) Starr and Burkholder. (Bac- 

 terium gummisiulans McCulloch, Phyto- 

 path., H, 1924, 63; also Jour. Agr. Res., 

 27, 1924, 229; Pseudomonas gummisudans 

 Stapp, in Sorauer, Handb. d. Pflanzen- 

 krank., 2, 5 Aufl., 1928, 54; Phytomonas 

 gummisudans Bergey et al., Manual, 2nd 

 ed., 1925, 201; Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600.) From L. 

 gummi, gum; sudans, sweating, dripping. 



Rods : 0.6 to 0.8 by 1 to 2.8 microns. 



