168 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Capsules. Motile with a polar flagellum. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin : Liquefied. 



Beef -peptone agar colonies : Amber 

 yellow, circular, transparent, smooth, 

 with definite margins. 



Broth : Moderately turbid with a yel- 

 low ring. 



Milk : Soft curd which is digested with 

 formation of tyrosine crystals. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, loc. 

 cit.). 



Acid from glucose and sucrose. 



Optimum temperature 30°C. Maxi- 

 mum Se'C. Minimum 2°C. 



Aerobic. 



Source : From gummy lesions on gladio- 

 lus leaves. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on leaves of glad- 

 ioli. 



37. Xanthomonas lactucae (Yama- 

 moto) Dowson. (Bacterium lactucae 

 Yamamoto, Jour. Plant Protect., 21, 

 1934, 532; Phytomonas lactucae Bergey 

 et al.. Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 163; Dow- 

 son, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 

 12.) From L. lactuca, lettuce; M. L. 

 Lactuca, a generic name. 



Description translated by Dr. K. 

 Togashi . 



Rods : 0.6 to 0.8 by 1.75 to 2.8 microns. 

 Motile with a polar flagellum. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin : Liquefaction slow. 



Agar colonies: Circular, convex, mar- 

 gin entire, surface smooth, wet-shining, 

 yellow. 



Broth: Turbid. Ring and pellicle. 



Milk: Slow peptonization. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Acid, no gas, from glucose, sucrose, 

 and lactose in bouillon; no acid from 

 glycerol in bouillon. 



Optimum temperature 28°C. Maxi- 

 mum Z5°C. Minimum below 2''C. 



Aerobic. 



Source : Isolated from leaf spot of 

 lettuce. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on leaves of as- 

 paragus lettuce, Lactuca saliva var. an- 

 gustata. 



38. Xanthomonas nigromaculans 

 (Takimoto) Dowson. (Bacterium nigra - 

 m.aculans Takimoto, Jour. Plant Protect., 

 Tokyo, H, 1927, 522; Phytomonas nigro- 

 maculans Magrou, in Hauduroy et al., 

 Diet. d. Bact. Path., Paris, 1937, 387; 

 Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 

 1943, 12.) From L. niger, black; macu- 

 lans, spotting. 



Description translated by Dr. K. 

 Togashi . 



Rods: 0.6 to 0.9 by 1.5 to 2.8 microns. 

 Motile with 1 or 2 polar flagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar colonies : Yellow, circular, margins 

 entire, smooth, glistening. 



Broth : Growth moderate with yellow 

 pellicle. 



Milk : Coagulation and digestion of the 

 casein. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid or gas from glucose, sucrose, 

 lactose, mannitol and glycerol in peptone 

 water. 



Optimum temperature 27° to 28°C. 

 Maximum 33°C. Minimum O^C. 



Aerobic. 



Source : Isolated from lesions on leaf 

 and petioles of burdock. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on leaves and 

 petioles of Arctium lappa, the burdock. 



39. Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda and 

 Ishiyama) Dowson. {P seudomonas 

 oryzae Uyeda and Ishiyama, Proc. Third 

 Pan-Pacific Sci. Congr., Tokyo, 2, 1926, 

 2112; Bacterium- oryzae Nakata, see 

 Elliott, Man. Bact. Plant Path., 1930, 

 172; Phytomonas oryzae Magrou, in 

 Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. Path., 

 Paris, 1937, 388; Dowson, Trans. Brit. 



