192 MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



TRIBE II. SPIRILLEAE KLUYVER AND VAN NIEL. 



(Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., H, 1936, 346.) 

 More or less spirally curved cells. 



Key to the genera of tribe Spirilleae. 



I. Generally motile by means of a single polar flagellum. 



A. Short, bent rods occurring singly or united into spirals. 



Genus I. Vibrio, p. 192. 



B. Slightly curved rods of variable length. Strict anaerobes which reduce 



sulfates to hydrogen sulfide. 



Genus II. Desulfovibrio , p. 207. 



C. Cells oxidize cellulose forming oxj^cellulose. Growth on ordinary culture 



media is feeble. 



1. Long, slightly curved rods with rounded ends. 



Genus III. Cellvibrio, p. 209. 



2. Short, curved rods with pointed ends. 



Genus IV. Cellfalcicula, p. 211. 

 II. Generally motile by means of a tuft of polar flagella. Cells of varying thick- 

 ness, and length and pitch of spiral, forming either long curves or portions 

 of a turn. 



A. Oxidize inorganic sulfur compounds. Cells contain free sulfur granules. 



Genus V. Thiospira, p. 212. 



B. Not as above. 



Genus VI. Spirillum, p. 212. 



Genus I. Vibrio Muller* 



(Miiller, Vermium terrestrium et fluviatilum, 1, 1773, 39; Pacinia Trevisan, Att^ 

 d. Accad. Fisio-Medico-Statisticain Milano, Ser. 4, 3, 1885, 83; Microspira Schroeter, 

 in Cohn, Kryptogamen-Flora von Schlesien, 3, 1, 1886, 168; Pseudospira De Toni and 

 Trevisan, Sylloge Fungorum, 8, 1889, 1018; Photobacterium Beijerinck, Arch, neerl. 

 d. sci. exactes, 23, 1889, 401; Liquidovibrio Orla-Jensen, Cent. f. Bakt. II Abt., 22, 

 1909, 333; Solidovibrio Orla-Jensen, ibid.; Dicrospira Enderlein, Sitzber. Ges. naturf. 

 Freunde, Berlin, 1917, 313.) From Latin, vibro, vibrate. 



Cells short, curved, single or united into spirals. Motile by means of a single polar 

 flagellum which is usually relatively short; rarely, two or three flagella in one tuft. 

 They grow well and rapidly on the surface of standard culture media. Aerobic to 

 anaerobic species. Mostly water forms, a few parasites. 



The type species is Vibrio comma (Schroeter) Winslow et al. 



Key to the species of genus Vibrio. 



I. Gelatin liquefied. 



A. Nitrites produced from nitrates. 

 1. Indole is formed. 



a. Milk not coagulated. 



1. Vibrio comma. 



2. Vibrio berolinensis. 

 aa. Milk coagulated. 



3. Vibrio metschnikovii. 



* Revised by Prof. D. H. Bergey, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April, 1937; partial 

 revision by Capt. Wm. C. Haynes, Sn.C, Fort Bliss, Texas, July, 1943 and by Lt. 

 Col. A. Parker Kitchens, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penna., Decem- 

 ber, 1943. 



