210 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



1. Cellvibrio ochraceus Winogradsky. 

 (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, J!^3, 1929, 549, 601.) 

 From Greek, ochra, yellow ochre; M. L. 

 like ochre, yellow. 



Plump, curved rods with rounded 

 ends, 2.0 to 4.0 microns long, rarely 

 occurring as spirals. Chromatic granule 

 frequently found in center. Motile 

 with a single flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Produces diffuse, light ochre-colored, 

 mucilaginous colonies on cellulose silica 

 gel medium. 



No action or growth on plain agar. 

 No growth on peptone, glucose, starch 

 or tragacanth gum agar. 



Filter paper streaks : Entire paper 

 colored ochre-yellow in 48 hrs. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20 °C. 



Distinctive character : Rapid ochre- 

 colored growth. 



Habitat : Soil. Disintegrates vegetable 

 fibers. 



2. Cellvibrio flavescens Winogradsky. 

 (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 608.) From 

 Latin, part. adj. oi flavesco, to turn yel- 

 low or golden. 



Plump, curved rods, flexuous, with 

 rounded ends, 0.5 by 2.5 to 5.0 microns. 

 Shows metachromatic granules. Motile 

 with a single flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Produces diffuse, cream-colored growth 

 becoming brownish; mucilaginous colo- 

 nies on cellulose silica gel medium. 



Good growth on peptone agar. Colo- 

 nies 1 mm in 4 days. Grows poorly on 

 glucose, starch and gum agars. 



Filter paper streaks : Almost as rapid 

 in growth as Cellvibrio ochraceus and 

 colors entire paper in 2 to 3 days. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20 °C. 



Distinctive characters : Smaller, less 

 curved rods that grow on a greater 

 variety of media than Cellvibrio ochra- 

 ceus, but do not attack cellulose as 

 readily. 



Source : Isolated from a pile of old 

 damp sawdust. 



Habitat : Soil. Disintegrates vegetable 

 fibers. 



3. Cellvibrio fulvus Stapp and Bortels. 

 (Culture Y, Dubos, Jour. Bact., 15, 

 1928, 230; Stapp and Bortels, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 90, 1934, 42.) From 

 Latin, fulvus, reddish yellow. 



Slightly curved rods: 0.3 to 0.4 by 

 1.5 to 3.0 microns. Show involution 

 forms. Motile by means of a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Cellulose is decomposed. Grows on 

 filter paper with an intense egg-yellow 

 color which in older cultures may deepen 

 to rust brown. 



Glucose agar: Very scanty growth. 



Sucrose agar: Very slight growth. 



Maltose agar : Abundant yellow growth. 



Lactose agar: Fairly abundant yellow 

 growth. 



Starch agar: Very abundant, bright 

 yellow growth which later turns brown. 



Nutrient broth : No growth. 



Temperature relations: Optimum 25° 

 to 30°C. Minimum 5°C. Maximum 32° 

 to 35 °C. No growth at 37 °C. Thermal 

 death point 39° to 40 °C. 



Aerobic. 



Source : Isolated from forest soil in 

 Germany and from soil in the United 

 States. 



Habitat : Widely distributed in soils. 



4. Cellvibrio vulgaris Stapp and 

 Bortels. (Culture Co, Dubos, Jour. 

 Bact., 15, 1928, 230; Stapp and Bortels, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 90, 1934, 44.) 

 From Latin, vulgaris, common. 



Curved rods : 0.3 by 2.9 to 4.0 microns. 

 Shows involution forms. Motile by 

 means of a single polar flagellum. Gram- 

 negative. 



Cellulose is decomposed. Grows on 

 filter paper without the formation of 

 pigment. 



Glucose agar: Abundant growth. No 

 pigment. 



Sucrose agar : Abundant slightly yellow 

 growth. 



