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MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



2. Gaffkya anaerobia (Choukevitch) 

 Prevot. {Tetracoccus anaerobius Chou- 

 kevitch, Ann. Inst. Past., 25, 1911, 349; 

 Micrococcus tetragenes anaerobius Hamm, 

 Die puerperale Wundinfektion, Berlin, 

 1912; Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 

 15, 1933, 203.) From Greek, an, without ; 

 aer, air; bios, life. 



Spheres: About 1.0 to 1.5 microns, 

 occurring in tetrads, sometimes in groups 

 of eight. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : No liquefaction. 



Deep agar colonies : After 24 to 48 

 hours, small, grayish, 2 to 3 mm. in diam- 

 eter. Abundant production of gas which 

 breaks up the agar. 



Broth: Poor growth. Slight sediment. 



Milk: Unchanged. 



Coagulated proteins not digested. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. No 



growth at 22 °C. 



Non-pathogenic for guinea-pigs or 

 rabbits. 



Strict anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters : Prefers acid 

 media. 



Source : Isolated from the female gen- 

 ital tract; isolated from the large in- 

 testine of a horse. 



Habitat : Probably widely distributed 

 in natural cavities of man and animals. 



Appendix: The following species have 

 been placed in the genus Gaffkya or in 

 the genus Tetracoccus. 



Gaffkya archeri Trevisan. (A black 

 micrococcus. Archer, Quart. Jour. Mi- 

 croscop. Sci., 1874, 321; Trevisan, I 

 generi e le specie delle Batteriacee, Milan, 

 1889, 27.) 



Gaffkya grandis DeToni and Trevisan. 

 (Microcoque des reins et des ulceres 

 syphilitiques de la peau. Babes, in Cornil 

 and Babes, Les Bacter., 2nd ed., 1886, 

 782; DeToni and Trevisan, in Saccardo, 

 Sylloge Fungorum, 8, 1889, 1042.) 



Gaffkya mendozae DeToni and Trev- 



isan. {Micrococcus tetragenus and Mi- 

 crococcus tetragenus mobilis ventriculi 

 Mendoza, Cent. f. Bakt., 6, 1889, 567; 

 DeToni and Trevisan, in Saccardo, Syl- 

 loge Fungorum, 8, 1889, 1043 ; Planococcus 

 tetragenus Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 

 269; Micrococcus mendozae Chester, Man. 

 Detcrra. Bact., 1901, 84; Sarcina tetra- 

 gena Winslow and Rogers, Jour. Inf. Dis., 

 3, 1906, 545; Planomerista ventricidi 

 Vuillemin, Ann. Mycolog., Berlin, 11, 

 1913, 525.) Motile. Isolated from the 

 contents of the stomach. Hucker (N. 

 Y. State Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. No. 102, 

 1924, 21) regards this as a synonym of 

 Gaffkya tetragena Trevisan. 



Gaffkya tardissima (Altana) Bergey 

 et al. {Tetragenus tardissiynus Altana, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 48, 1909, 

 42; Bergey et al.. Manual, 2nd ed., 1925, 

 59.) From a natural infection of guinea 

 pigs. See Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 269 for a 

 description of this species. 



Gaffkya verneti Corbet. (Organism 

 No. 21, Denier and Vernet, La Caout- 

 chouc, 17, 1920, 10491; Corbet, Quart. 

 Jour. Rubber Research Inst., Malaya, 2, 

 1930, 143.) From the latex of the Para 

 rubber tree {Hevea brasiliensis) . For a 

 description of this species, see Manual, 

 5th ed., 1939, 269. 



Tetracoccus carneus halophilus Horo- 

 witz-Wlassowa. (Cent, f . Bakt., II Abt., 

 85, 1932, 16.) Isolated from salted in- 

 testines (Wiener skins). 



Tetracoccus casei Orla-Jensen. (The 

 Lactic Acid Bacteria, 1919, 80.) From 

 cheese. Probably identical with Micro- 

 coccus freudenreichii Guillebeau. 



Tetracoccus mastitidis Orla-Jensen {loc. 

 cit., 81). From milk of a woman with 

 mastitis. Orla-Jensen thinks this is 

 identical with the staphylococcus that 

 causes mastitis in cows, i.e., Micrococcus 

 pyogenes var. aureus Zopf. 



Tetracoccus mycodcrmatus Orla-Jensen 

 {loc. cit., 81). From Camembert cheese. 



