286 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



1. Sarcina ventriculi Goodsir. (Good- 

 sir, Edinborough Med. and Surg. Jour., 

 57, 1842, 430; Merismopedia goodsirii 

 Husemann, De anim. et veget., 18 — , 

 13; Merismopedia ventriculi Robin, His- 

 toire des veget. parasites, 1853, 331; 

 Anaerobic sarcina, Beijerinck, Proc. of 

 Section of Sciences, Kon. Akad. v. We- 

 tensch., Amsterdam, 7, 1905, 580; 

 Zytnosarcina ventriculi Smit, Die Gar- 

 ungssarcinen. Pflanzenforschung, Jena, 

 Heft 14, 1930, 26; Sarcina beijerincki 

 Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 

 1933, 205.) From Latin, ventriculus, 

 the stomach. 



Description taken in part from Smit 

 (loc. cit.). 



Large spheres: 3.5 to 4.0 microns, 

 occurring in packets of 8, 16, 32 or more 

 elements. Non-motile. Gram-positive. 

 Cellulose reaction positive. 



Growth occurs only in sugar media, 

 containing peptones. 



Gelatin : No liquefaction. 



Deep glucose agar colonies: Alulti- 

 lenticular, surrounded by a cloudy zone. 

 Abundant gas. 



Glucose agar slant: Round, whitish 

 colonies, several millimeters in diameter. 



Glucose broth: Abundant, flaky 

 growth. Abundant gas. Acid. No 

 turbidity. 



Plain peptone water: No growth. 



Sugar peptone water: Abundant 

 growth. Gas. Indole not formed. 



Milk: Slow growth. Acid and co- 

 agulation . 



Coagulated proteins not attacked. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 sucrose, maltose, lactose and galactose. 

 No acid from xylose, arabinose, raffinose, 

 mannitol, dulcitol, salicin, starch, glyc- 

 erin and inulin. 



Neutral red broth changed to fluores- 

 cent yellow. 



Utilizes peptones, wort and yeast 

 water as sources of nitrogen. Cannot 

 utilize amino acids or inorganic nitrogen. 



Principal products of metabolism arc 

 carbon dio.xide and ethyl alcohol. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Non-pathogenic . 



Optimum pH 1.5 to 5.0. Limits of 

 pH 0.9 to 9.8. 



Temperature relations : Optimum 30°C. 

 Maximum 45°C. Minimum 10°C. Killed 

 in ten minutes at 65°C. 



Microaerophilic to anaerobic. 



Source : Isolated from a diseased 

 stomach. 



Habitat : Garden soil, dust, sand, mud; 

 the stomach. 



2. Sarcina maxima Lindner. (Lind- 

 ner, Die Sarcina-Organismen der Gar- 

 ungsgewerbe. Inaug. Diss., Berlin, 1888, 

 54; Also abstract in Cent. f. Bakt., 

 4, 1888, 427; Zytnosarcina maxi'rna Smit, 

 Die Giirungssarcinen. Pflanzenforsch- 

 ung, Heft 14, 1930, 22; Butyrisarcina 

 maxima Kluyver and van Niel, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 94, 1936, 400.) From 

 Latin maxima, largest. 



Description from Weinberg, Nativelle 

 and Prevot, Les Microbes Anaerobies, 

 1937, 1030 and from Smit, loc. cit. 



Large spheres: 4.0 to 4.5 microns, oc- 

 curring in regular packets of 8, 16, 32 or 

 more elements. Non-motile. Gram- 



positive. 



Growth occurs only in sugar media, 

 containing peptones. 



Gelatin : No liquefaction. 



Deep glucose agar colonies: Multi- 

 lenticular. Abundant gas produced. 



Glucose agar slant : Round, whitish 

 colonies. 



Glucose broth: Abundant growth, 

 flaky, gaseous, marked acidification. Dis- 

 agreeable butyric odor. No turbidity. 



Sugar peptone water : Abundant 

 growth, flaky, gaseous, followed by acid- 

 ification. 



Milk : Not coagulated. 



Coagulated proteins not attacked. 



Cellulose reaction negative. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, maltose, sucrose and lactose. 



Neutral red broth changed to fluores- 

 cent yellow. 



