288 



MANUAL or DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



No acid from glucose, lactose or su- 

 crose. 



Hydrogen sulfide is formed. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 25°C. 



Habitat : Air. soil and water, skin 

 surfaces. 



5. Sarcina flava De Bary. (Vorlesun- 

 gen liber Bakterien, 1887, 151 ; Sarcina 

 liquefaciens Frankland and Frankland, 

 Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 178, B, 

 1888, 267.) From Latin, flavus, yellow. 



Spheres: 1.0 to 2.0 microns, occurring 

 in packets of 16 to 32 cells. Gram-posi- 

 tive. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, yel- 

 lowish. 



Gelatin stab: Slowly liquefied. 



Agar slant: Yellow streak. 



Broth: Slowly becoming turbid with 

 whitish, later yellowish sediment. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline, not coagulated. 



Potato: Yellow streak. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 30° to 35°C. 



Habitat : Air, water, soil. 



6. Sarcina aurantiaca Flugge. (Die 

 Mikroorganismen, 1886, 180; For descrip- 

 tion see Frankland and Frankland, Phil. 

 Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 178, B, 1888, 

 266; Paulosarcina aurantiaca Enderlein, 

 Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde, Ber- 

 lin, 1917, 319.) From M. L., aurantiacus , 

 orange-colored. 



Spheres developing packets in all 

 media. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, dark 

 yellow, entire margin, sinking into the 

 medium. 



Gelatin stab: Infundibuliform lique- 

 faction. 



Agar slant : Slightly raised, orange 

 yellow to orange red, soft, smooth. 



Broth: Flocculent turbidity, with 

 abundant sediment. 



Litmus milk: Coagulation and di- 

 gestion. 



Potato : Raised, yellow -orange, glisten- 

 ing to dull, granular. 

 Slight indole formation. 

 Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 

 No HjS produced. 

 Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 30°C. 

 Habitat : Air and water. 



7. Sarcina citrea (Migula) Bergey et al. 

 {Micrococcus agilis citreus Menge, Cent, 

 f. Bakt., 12, 1892, 52; Planococcus citreus 

 Migula, Arb. bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 

 Heft 1, 1894, 236; Micrococcus agilis- 

 citreus Chester, Man. of Bact., 1901, 

 115; Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 

 74.) From M. L. citreus, lemon-yellow. 



Spheres : 0.6 to 0.8 micron, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and in packets. Motile, 

 possessing a single flagellum. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, yel- 

 lowish, entire, becoming citron-yellow 

 to orange. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Small, yellow, convex, 

 entire, smooth, glistening. 



Agar slant : Abundant, yellow, plumose, 

 glistening, taking on an orange color with 

 age. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Potato: Abundant, yellow growth. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 25°C. 



Habitat: Air. 



8. Sarcina littoralis Poulsen. (Poul- 

 sen, Vidensk. Meddel. naturh. Foren. i 

 Copenhagen, 1879-80, 231-254; Sarcina 

 morrhiiae Farlow, L'. S. Fish Commis- 

 sion Report for 1878, 1880, 974; Micro- 

 coccus a, H0ye, Bergens Museums 

 Aarbog., No. 7, 2 Hefte, 1901, 39; Micro- 

 coccus litoralis Kellerman, Cent, f . Bakt., 

 II Abt., 42, 1915, 399.) From Latin, 

 litus (littus) -tor is. the sea shore; -alis, 

 relating to. 



The relationships of the following to 

 each other and to Sarcina littoralis are 

 not clear: 



