304 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Milk: Gas, but no acid. No co- 

 agulation. 



Ammonia and hydrogen produced in 

 small amounts. 



Egg-white and coagulated serum not 

 attacked. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Carbohydrates not attacked. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Slowly plasmolysed in 5 per cent NaCl 

 solution. 



Optimum pH 6.0 to 8.0. Will grow in 

 broth of pH 5.5. 



Temperature relations : Optimum 37°C. 

 Some strains grow at 22°C. Killed at 

 56°C in one hour, or at 65°C in a half 

 Qour, or at 80°C in 10 minutes. 



Non-pathogenic (Lewkowicz's strains). 

 Two strains (Pr6vot) pathogenic for 

 rabbits. 



Strict anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters: Differs from 

 Veillonella parvula in that it does not 

 ferment sugars, does not produce H2S 

 nor indole, is not hemolytic, does not 

 Droduce nitrites from nitrates, and does 

 not develop fetid odors. 



Source: Isolated (Lewkowicz) from 

 mouth of a healthy infant. Twenty -four 

 strains (Hall and Howitt) from human 

 saliva. Fifteen strains (Prevot) one 

 from alveolar pyorrhea, one from pul- 

 monary gangrene, 5 from tonsils, one from 

 appendix, 2 from measles, 3 from scarlet 

 fever, and 2 from normal guinea pigs and 

 rabbits. 



Habitat : Prevalent in saliva of man 

 and animals. 



2a. Veillonella gazogenes var. gingivalis 

 Murray. (Kleiner Micrococcus, Ozaki, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 62, 1912, 

 83; Micrococcus gingivalis Bergey et al.. 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 69; Veillonella 

 alcalescens var. gingivalis Pr6vot, Ann. 

 Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 133 ; Murray 

 in Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 288.) From 

 Latin, pertaining to the gums. 



Differs from Veillonella gazogenes by its 

 ability to grow at 22°C, and by the fact 

 that glucose favors its growth although 

 this carbohydrate is not fermented. 



Source: Oral cavity and (Prevot) two 

 strains from the intestine. 



2b. Veillo7iella gazogenes var. minutis- 

 sima Murray. (Micrococcus minutissi- 

 mus Oliver and Wherry, Jour. Inf. Dis., 

 28, 1921, 342; Veillonella alcalescens var. 

 minutissima Prevot, Ann. Sci. Nat., 

 Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 134; Murray, in 

 Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 288.) From 

 Latin, very tiny. 



Differs from Veillonella gazogenes 

 only in that the usual carbohydrates 

 favor growth and that the gas formed is 

 not absorbed by sodium hydroxide and 

 is not inflammable. 



Non-pathogenic for rabbits, guinea pigs 

 or white mice (Oliver and Wherry). 



Source : Two strains isolated from a 

 mixed infection in aphthous ulcers of the 

 gingival and buccal mucosa of a case of 

 postpoliomyelitic paralysis. 



2c. Veillonella gazogenes var. syzygios 

 Murray. (Syzygiococcus scarlatinae Herz- 

 berg. Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Ref., 90, 

 1928, 575; Micrococcus syzygios scarlati- 

 nae Herzberg, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., HI, 1929, 373; Micrococcus syzygios 

 Bergey et al.. Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 92; 

 Veillonella alcalescens var. syzygios Pre- 

 vot, Ann. Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 

 134; Murray, in Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 

 288.) From Latin, yoked. 



Differs from Veillonella gazogenes only 

 l)y its abilitj' to grow under an atmos- 

 pheric pressure of 4 cm mercury, with the 

 formation of H2S in small amounts by 

 some strains, and the production of 

 nitrites from nitrates. 



Source: Found by Herzberg in 30 per 

 cent of normal mouths and in 100 per cent 

 of saliva from scarlet fever patients. 



