FAMILY LACTOBACTERIACEAE 



327 



coccus casei acido-proteolyticus II (does 

 not liquefy gelatin) Gorini, Rev. gen. 

 du Lait, 8, 1910, 337 {Micrococcus casei 

 proteolyticiis I and // Gorini, Rend. 

 Accad. Lincei, Ser. 5, 19, 1910, II Sem., 

 150) ; Coccus acido-proteolylicus casei I 

 and Coccus acido-proteolylicus casei II 

 Gorini, Rev. gen. du Lait, 9, 1912, 97. 

 The terms Mammococcus and Caseococcus 

 have also been used for these cocci by 

 Gorini, Le Lait, 6, 1926, 81; Mammo- 

 coccus acidoproteolylicus Gorini, Act. P. 

 Accad. Sci. Nov. Lync, Vatican City, 

 88, I Sess., 1934, 42. 



Spheres: Usually in pairs, sometimes 

 short chains. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab : Liquefaction and profuse 

 growth; liquefaction fails in occasional 

 variants but these are nevertheless 

 Lancefield group D and have the other 

 characters of the species. (See Sherinan, 

 Stark and Mauer, Jour. Bact., 33, 1937, 

 492.) 



Litmus milk: Acid; curdled and pep- 

 tonized; the litmus is reduced completely 

 before acidulation and curdling; caseoly- 

 sis fails in variants not liquefying gelatin 

 (Sherman, Stark and Mauer, loc. cit., 

 486). Gives milk bitter taste. 



Acid from glucose, maltose, sucrose, 

 lactose, trehalose, mannitol, sorbitol, 

 salicin and glycerol (rare failure from 

 sucrose and glycerol) ; variable fermenta- 

 tion of arabinose and raffinose Inulin 

 not fermented. 



Starch not hydrolyzed, sodium hip- 

 purate may be and esculin is hydrolyzed. 



Ammonia is produced from 4 per cent 

 peptone. 



Temperature relations : Growth at 10°C 

 and 45°C, occasional growth at 50°C. 

 Survives 60°C and 62.8°C for 30 minutes. 



Chemical tolerance : Tolerates 2, 4 and 

 6.5 per cent NaCl; final pH in glucose 

 broth 4.5 to 4.0; growth at pH 9.6; toler- 

 ates 0.01 per cent and 0.1 per cent me- 

 thylene blue. Bile tolerant. 



Action on blood: No change or green- 

 ing (alpha). Human fibrin not lysed. 



Serology : Lancefield Group D (Sher- 

 man, Jour. Bact., 85, 1938, 81). 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters : Growth at 

 10°C and 45°C ; resistance to 60°C ; growth 

 in presence of 6.5 per cent NaCl, 0.1 per 

 cent methylene blue and at pH 9.6. 

 Ammonia produced from peptone. 

 Strong reduction of litmus before acidula- 

 tion of milk, which is afterwards curdled 

 and peptonized; gelatin is liquefied; 

 marked proteolj'sis. Low final pH in 

 glucose broth. Fermentation of glyc- 

 erol and mannitol. 



Source : Originally isolated by Stern- 

 berg from a cadaver. Dairy and other 

 food products. Foul brood of bees. 

 Plants, feces, human vagina, blood in 

 subacute endocarditis. 



Habitat : Human and animal intestine. 



15. Streptococcus zymogenes (Mac- 

 Callum and Hastings) Holland. {Micro- 

 coccus zymogenes MacCallum and Hast- 

 ings, Jour. Exp. Med., 4, 1899, 521; 

 Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 226; 

 Staphylococcus zymogenes Ford, Textb. of 

 Bact., 1927, 425.) From Greek zyme, 

 ferment and -genes, producing. 



This species shows the same character- 

 istics as Streptococcus liquefaciens except 

 as given below. The two species have 

 sometimes been regarded as identical 

 (Bergey et al., Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 

 59). 



Gelatin stab: May or may not liquefy 

 gelatin. Otherwise as in Streptococcus 

 liquefaciens. 



Action on blood: Beta hemolytic. 



Source: Originally isolated from an 

 acute case of endocarditis. 



Habitat: Human and animal intestine. 



16. Streptococcus durans Sherman and 

 Wing. {Streptococcus hemothermophilus 

 Sherman and Wing, Jour. Dairy Sci., 18, 

 1935, 657; original name withdrawn by 

 Sherman and Wing, Jour. Dairy Sci., 20, 

 1937, 165.) From Latin durans, re- 

 sisting. 



Spheres : Occurring in pairs and short 

 chains, more rarely in long chains. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin stab : No liquefaction. 



