328 



MANUAL OT DETERill^ATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Litmus milk : Acid ; curdled, followed by 

 reduction of litmus. 



Acid from glucose, maltose, lactose, 

 and usually salicin and trehalose. Raflfi- 

 nose, inulin, sorbitol, arabinose, glycerol 

 not fermented and mannitol and sucrose 

 rarely fermented. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. Sodium hip- 

 purate and esculin are hydrolyzed. 



Ammonia is produced from 4 per cent 

 peptone. 



Temperature relations : Growth at 

 10°C. Maximum 50°C. Survives heat- 

 ing for 30 minutes at 62.8°C and usually 



Chemical tolerance : Growth with 2 per 

 cent, 4 per cent and 6.5 per cent NaCl. 

 Final pH in glucose broth 4.5 to 4.0. 

 Growth at pll 9.6. Tolerates 0.01 per 

 cent and 0.1 per cent methylene blue. 



Action on blood: Active hemolysis of 

 beta type (horse, human and rabbit 

 blood) ; persistent after 5 years culture on 

 media without blood. 



Toxin unknown. Non-pathogenic for 

 mice, rabbits and guinea pigs. 



Serology : Lancefield's Group D (Sher- 

 man, Jour. Bact., 35, 1938, 81 ). 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters : Growth at 10°C 

 and 45°C ; beta hemolysis ; failure to fer- 

 ment sucrose and mannitol ; resistance to 

 60°C for 30 minutes ; tolerance of 0.1 per 

 cent methylene blue and 6.5 per cent 

 NaCl. 



Source: Forty strains were isolated 

 from spray process milk powder. 



Habitat: Human intestine, milk and 

 milk products. 



*17. Streptococcus anaerobius Kronig 



emend. Natvig. (Kronig, Zent. f. Gyn., 

 1895; Natvig, Arch. f. Gyn., 1905, 76.) 

 From Greek an, without; aer, air; bios, 

 life; M. L., anaerobic. 



Heurlin (Bakt. Unters.d.Keimgehaltses 

 im Genitalkanale d. fiebernden Wochne- 

 rinnen. Helsingfors, 1910, 122-127) rec- 

 ognizes the following varieties of Strepto- 

 coccus anaerobius : S. a?iaerobius 

 vulgaris, S. anaerobius typ. vulgaris, S. 



anaerobius gonoides, S. anaerobius 

 (Wegelius No. 28), S. anaerobius micros 

 (Lewkowicz), and S. anaerobius carduus. 



Description according to Prevot, Ann. 

 Sci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 15, 1933, 180. 



Spheres: Average size 0.8 micron, oc- 

 curring in chains. Non-motile. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin : No liquefaction. 



Semi-solid agar (Veillon) : After 48 

 hours colonies 1 to 2 mm in diameter, very 

 regular, lenticular. Gas produced. 

 Agar slightly acidified. 



Martin broth: Rapid growth. No tur- 

 bidity. Sediment in 24 hours. Medium 

 slightly acidified. Feeble production of 

 gas. Slight fetid odor. 



Martin glucose broth: Very abundant 

 growth. Gas fetid, inflammable, no HoS. 

 Very marked acidification. 



Peptone water : Abundant fiocculent 

 growth. Gas produced at expense of pep- 

 tone. Medium not acidified. Neither 

 indole nor H^S produced. 



Meat and liver broth : Very abundant 

 growth. Much gas produced which con- 

 tains COo and H2. 



Milk: No acid. No coagulation. 



Cooked protein (egg white, meat, liver, 

 fibrin and serum) not attacked. Fresh 

 fibrin and fresh organs partially disinte- 

 grated with blackening, abundant gas, 

 very fetid odor due in part to H2S. 



Serum broth: Abundant gas and fetid 

 odor. 



Neutral red broth : Changed to fluores- 

 cent yellow. 



Acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, 

 sucrose and maltose. Mannitol and 

 arabinose sometimes fermented. 



Optimum pH 6.0 to 8.0. 



Temperature relations : Optimum 36° 

 to 38°C. Grows at 26°C, but not below 

 22°C. Survives 5 minutes at 60°C or 

 two minutes at 80°C. Killed in ten 

 minutes at 80°C. 



Pathogenic. 



Strict anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters : Very pepto- 

 lytic ; gas produced in peptone water with 

 destruction of the peptone. Differs from 



* See footnotes, p. 308. Reviewed by Dr. Ivan C. Hall. 



