FAMILY LACTOBACTEKIACEAE 349 



TRIBE II. LACTOBACILLEAE WINSLOW ET AL. 



(Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 211.) 



Rods, often long and slender. Non-motile. Gram-positive. Pigment formation 

 rare. When present, yellow or orange, to rust or brick-red in color. Poor surface 

 growth (except in genus Microhaclerium) because these bacteria are generally micro- 

 aerophilic or anaerobic. Carbohydrates and polyalcohols are changed either by 

 homofermentation to lactic acid or by heterofermentation to lactic, acetic, propionic 

 or butyric acids, alcohol and carbon dioxide. Growth on potato is poor or absent. 

 Gelatin is not liquefied. Nitrates are not reduced (except in genus Microhaclerium) . 

 Several species grow at relatively high temperatures. May or may not produce 

 catalase. 



Key to the genera of tribe Lactobacilleae. 



I. Always produce lactic acid from carbohydrates, 

 a. Catalase negative. Microaerophilic. 

 Genus I. Lactobacillus, p. .349. 

 aa. Catalase positive. Aerobic. 



Genus II. Microbacteriuin, p. 370. 

 II. Ferments carbohydrates, polyalcohols and lactic acid with the formation of 

 propionic and acetic acids, and carbon dioxide. Catalase positive. 

 Genus III. Propionibacterium, p. .372. 

 III. Ferments carbohydrates, polyalcohols and lactic acid with the formation of 

 butyric and acetic acids, and carbon dioxide. Generally catalase negative. 

 Genus IV. Bv.tyribacterium,, p. .379. 



Germs I. Lactobacillus Beijcrinck.* 



(? Dispora Kern, Biol. Zent., 2, 1882, 135; ?Tyrothrix Duclaux, Ann. Inst. Nat. 

 Agron., 4, 1882, 79; ?Pacinia Trevisan, Atti della Accad. Fisio-Medico-Statistica in 

 Milano, Ser. 4, 3, 1885, 83; ?Saccharobacillus van Laer, Contributions al'histoire des 

 ferments des hydrates de carbone. Mem. Acad. Royale de Belgique, 43, 1889; Lacto- 

 bacter Beijerinck, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 6, 1900, 200; Beijerinok, Arch, neerl. d. sci. 

 exact, et nat. Hadrlem, Ser. 2, 7, 1901, 212; Streptobacillus Rist and Khoury, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 16, 1902, 70; ?Brachijbacterium Troili-Petersson, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 11, 1903, 138; Caseobaclerium Orla-Jensen, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 22, 1909, .336; Plo- 

 cajnobacterium Lowi, Wiener klin. Wochnschr., 33, 1920, 7.30 (in part) ; Lactubacterium 

 van Steenberge, Ann. Inst. Past., 34, 1920, 806; Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen, Le Lait, 

 4, 1924, 469; Acidobacterium Heim, see Schlirf, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 97, 1925, 

 111: Bifidibacterium Prevot, Ann. Inst. Past., 60, 1938, 303.) From M. I.., lactic and 

 bacillus, a rod. 



Rods, usually long and slender. Microaerophilic Carbohydrates and poly-alco- 

 hols are changed by homofermentalion to lactic acid, or by heterofermentation to 

 lactic and acetic acids, alcohols and carbon dioxide. Catalase negative. Found 

 in fermenting animal (especially dairy) and plant products. 



The type species is Lactobacillus caucasicus Beijerinck. 



* Completely revised by Prof. Carl S. Pederson, New York State Experiment Sta- 

 tion, Geneva, New York, in consultation with Prof. .1. M. Sherman, Cornell Uni- 

 versity, Ithaca, New York and Prof. L. F. Rettger, Yale University, New Haven, 

 Conn., June, 1938; further revision by Prof. Carl S. Pederson, January, 1945. 



