FAMILY LACTOBACTERIACEAE 



361 



Agar slant : Growth, if any, scant. 



Broth: Turbid, clearing after a few 

 daj-s . 



Milk: Unchanged or slightly acid. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Reduction of litmus, methylene blue, 

 indigo carmine, .sodium thiosulfate. 

 Xa-iSOs is reduced to HjS (Smit). 



Acid usually from glucose, fructose, 

 maltose, sucrose and lactose (Beijerinck) 

 and mannose, galactose, and raffinose; 

 some strains ferment xylose; usuallj'^ 

 does not ferment arabinose, rhamnosc, 

 sorbitol, mannitcl, inulin, dextrin, starch 

 or salicin (Pederson). 



Lactic acid, usually inactive ; acetic 

 acid, ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are 

 formed in the fermentation of aldehexoses 

 (Smit), (Pederson). IMannitol is formed 

 in the fermentation of fructose (Beije- 

 rinck), (Smit). Acetic acid and lactic 

 acid are produced from pentoses if they 

 are fermented (Pederson). 



These are the higher temperature gas- 

 producing rods. They usually do not 

 ferment the pentoses but when they do, 

 the fermentation is seldom as active as 

 that produced by strains of Loctobacilhis 

 brevis. 



Temperature relations: Optimum 41° 

 to 42°C. Minimum 15° to 18°C. Maxi- 

 mum 48° to 50°C. 



Microaerophilic. 



Source: From yeast, milk products, 

 fermenting dough, potatoes or vegetables, 

 tomato products and wine. 



Habitat : Widely distributed in nature, 

 particularly in fermenting plant or ani- 

 mal products. 



Appendix I:* The following species 

 probablj' should be included in the genus 

 Lactobacillus. Many are duplicates of 

 the species described in full, but the ma- 

 jority are so poorly characterized that 

 they cannot be properly identified. 



Acidobaclerium aerogcnes Schlirf. 

 (Stabchen Ka, Hcim, Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., Orig., 93, 1924, 252; Schlirf, Cent, 

 f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 97, 1925, 114; 

 Plocamobacterium aerogenes Lehmann, in 

 Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 

 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 509.) Possibly Lacto- 

 bacillus brevis Bergey et al. Produces 

 acid and gas from glucose. From dental 

 caries, mouth cavity and intestine. 



Acidobaclerium lactis Heim. (Heim, 

 quoted from Schlirf, Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., Orig., 97, 1925, 113.) Schlirf says 

 that this species is probably identical 

 with Bacillus necrodentalis Goadb3^ 

 Regarded by Lehmann (in Lehmann and 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 

 507-508) as identical with Bacillus acido- 

 philus Moro; or it may be identical 

 with Streplobacteriuvi casei Orla-Jensen. 

 From dental caries, deposit on tongue 

 and in intestine. 



Acidobaclerium moroi Schlirf. (Stiib- 

 chen Kc, Heim, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., 93, 1924, 252; Schlirf, Cent, f 

 Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 97, 1925, 114 

 Plocamobacterium moroi Lehmann, ir 

 Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 

 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 508.) From the in- 

 testine. Similar to Acidobaclerium lac- 

 tis. Kuchinka (Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 

 Orig., lU, 1939, 370) reports this or- 

 ganism as occurring in two cases of 

 meningitis. 



Bacillus bifidiis aerobius Heurlin. 

 (Bakt. Unters. d. Keimgehaltes im 

 Genitalkanale d. fiebernden Wochnerin- 

 nen. Helsinfors, 1910, 93.) From the 

 genital canal. Resembles Bacillus bi- 

 fidus communis Tissier. 



Bacillus bifidus capitatus Heurlin. 

 (Bakt. Unters. d. Keimgehaltes im 

 Genitalkanale d. fiebernden Wochnerin- 

 nen. Helsingfors, 1910, 175.) From the 

 genital canal. 



Bacillus carpathicns Kindraizuk. 

 (Oesterr. Molkerei Zcit., 29, 1912, 257.) 



* Arranged by Prof. C. S. Pederson, New York State Experiment Station, Geneva, 

 New York, March, 1945. 



