364 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Lactubacteriimi parcifermentans van 

 Steenberge (loc. cit., 812). From beer- 

 wort . 



Lactohacter turn ierricola van Steenberge 

 {loc. cit., 806). From garden soil. 



Lactobacterhirn viscogenum van Steen- 

 berge {loc. cit., 814). From beer-wort. 



Streptobacilliis lebenis Rist and 

 Khoury. (Rist and Khoury, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 16, 1902, 70; Bacillus lebeni 

 Kuntze, Cent. f. Bakt., IlAht.,21, 1908, 

 744; Streplobacilbis lebensis a and /3 

 Lohnis, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 22, 1909, 

 553; Streptobacillus lebenis viscosus and 

 Strepiobacillus lebenis nonviscosus Se- 

 verin, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 24, 1909, 

 488; Bacterium lebenis Lehmann and 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 5 Aufl., 2, 1912, 

 308.) From leben (Egypt and Near 

 East). Presumably Lactobacillus bul- 

 garicus . 



Streptothrix dadhi Chatterjee. (Cent, 

 f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 53, 1910, 111.) 

 From sour milk (dadhi) of India. Pre- 

 sumably Lactobacillus bulgaricus. 



Thermobacterium jugurt Orla-Jensen. 

 (Yoghurt bakterium, Kuntze, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 21, 1908, 737; Orla-Jensen, 

 The Lactic Acid Bacteria, 1919, 164; 

 Lactobacillus jugurt Holland, Jour. Bact., 

 5,1920,225.) From jugliurt (Bulgaria). 

 Presumably Lactobacillus bulgaricus. 



Thermobacterium mathiacolle Cecilia. 

 (Le Lait, 20, 1940, 385-390.) From 

 sweetened condensed milk. Possiblj- a 

 spore -former. 



Appendix II:* The genus Lcptotriciiia 

 Trevisan, 1879 is no longer recognized as 

 a valid genus. While the confusion with 

 Leptothrix Kiitzing, 1S43 was corrected 

 by Trevisan's work, the identity of tlie 

 type species, Leptotrichia buccalis, is un- 

 certain. Few of the species that have 

 been placed in Leptothrix and Lepto- 

 trichia are well enough described to be 

 recognized with certainty. 



All descriptions of Leptotrichia buccalis 

 l)ublished earlier than 1886 are based on 

 microscopic observations only. This is 

 also true of the three species of Lepto- 

 thrix recognized by Miller (Die Mikro- 

 organismen der Mundhohle, Leipzig, 

 1889, 69-80). The species that he dis- 

 tinguished in this way are recognized in 

 the seven editions of Lehmann and 

 Neumann's Bakteriologische Diagnostik 

 published from 1896 to 1927. Chester 

 (Manual Determ. Bact., 1901, 371) also 

 follows Miller's ideas in regard to the 

 nature of the species of Leptothrix. 

 These authors felt that the identity of 

 the true Leptotrichia buccalis was doubt- 

 ful. 



On the other hand, Vignal (Arch, de 

 Physiol, norm, et i)ath.. 8, 1886, 337) 

 isolated what he thought to be this or- 

 ganism, and it is his description that is 

 used with minor changes by Eisenberg 

 (Bakt. Diag., 3 Aufl., 1891, 134), Migula 

 (Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 445) and in all 

 editions of Bergey's Manual (1923- 

 19.39 ) up to the present edition. A study 

 f)f \'ignars work shows, however, that 

 the filamentous organism that he isolated 

 and grew readily in broth, agar and gelatin 

 cultures was in all probability one of 

 the common spore-formers. It grew but 

 rarely on the plates inoculated with 

 material from the mouth. As is clearh' 

 shown in his drawing and descriptions, 

 it liquefied gelatin rather quickly with 

 the formation of the characteristic wrin- 

 kled pellicle of a spore-former. Soon 

 after, Arustamow (Wratsch, 1889, Nos. 

 3 and 4; abstract in Cent. f. Bakt., 

 6, 1889, 349) isolated a similar aerobic, 

 filamentous organism that grew readily 

 at 37°C on agar and gelatin, but he also 

 noted large numbers of very tiny colonies 

 of a microaerophilic bacterium which 

 may have been the lactobacilli or lacto- 

 bacilli-like organisms of later authors. 

 Even recent excellent reviews of the 



* Completel}^ rearranged b,y Prof. Robert S. Breed and Prof. Carl S. Pederson, New 

 York State Experiment Station, Geneva, New York, March, 1945. 



