394 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Diseases, 1913, 30; Aplanobacter michi- 

 ganense Erw. Smith, Bacteria in Rel. to 

 Plant Dis., S, 1914, 161; Phytomonas 

 inicliiganensis Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 191 ; Jensen, Proc. Linnean 

 Soc. of New So. Wales, 59, 1934, 47; 

 Erioinia michiganeae, incorrectlj'^ at- 

 tributed to Bergey by Jensen, loc. cil., 

 47.) Latinized, of Michigan, where the 

 disease produced by this pathogen was 

 first reported. 



Description from Bryan, Jour. Agr. 

 Res., U, 1930, 825. 



Rods: 0.6 to 0.7 bj' 0.7 to 1.2 microns. 

 Non-motile. C'apsules. Gram-positive. 

 Characteristic angular growth with 

 branching and club-shaped cells (Jensen, 

 loc. cit.). 



Beef agar colonies: Growth slow, mus- 

 tard yellow, smooth, glistening, bu- 

 tyrous. 



Chromogenesis : Develops jellowish- 

 brown, light ochre-yellow to sepia brown 

 colors on suitable media (Jensen, loc. 

 cit.). 



Gelatin: Slow liciuefaction. 



Broth: Turbidity slow and moderate. 



Milk: Slow coagulation. No pep- 

 tonization. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Utilizes peptone, but not ammonia, 

 nitrite, nitrate, tyrosine, asparagine or 

 glutamic acid (Mushin, Austral. Jour. 

 Exp. Biol, and Med., 16, 1938, 326). 



Indole not produced. 



No HoS produced. 



Acid from glucose, sucrose, galactose, 

 fructose, maltose, and slight acid from 

 lactose, glycerol and mannitol. 



Starch: Very weak diastatic action. 



No giowth iu 3 i)er cent salt. 



Optimum lemperaluro 25° to 27'('. 

 Maximum, 33°C. Minimum, I'G. 



Aerobic. 



Source: From the bacterial canker of 

 tomato. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on tomato. 



17a. Corynebacterhmi michiganense 

 var. saprophyticum Jensen (loc. cit., 48). 

 Grows more rapidly and with more moist 



growth, has a higher temperature maxi- 

 mum and stronger proteolytic activity 

 than the pathogenic strains. From grass 

 soil in Australia. 



18. Corynebacterium rathayi (Erw. 

 Smith) Dowson. (Aplanobacter ra- 

 thayi Erw. Smith, Science, 88, 1913, 926, 

 and Bact. in Rel. to Plant Dis., 3, 1914, 

 155; Phytomonas rathayi Bergey et al., 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 192; Bacterium 

 rathayi Stevens, Fungus Dis. of Plants, 

 1925, 21 ; Dowson, Brit. Myc. Soc. Trans., 

 25, 1942, 313.) Named for E. Rathay, the 

 Austrian plant pathologist who first iso- 

 lated the species. 



Rods : 0.6 to 0.75 by 0.75 to 1.5 microns. 

 Non -motile. Not acid-fast. Capsules. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Slow liquefaction after 7 

 weeks. 



Agar colonies: Small, yellow, slow- 

 growing. 



Milk: Growth slow. Yellow ring. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline and reduced. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Potato plugs: Good, yellow, viscid 

 growth. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose 

 and lactose. 



Cohn's solution : No growth. 



Heavy inoculum necessary in media. 



Source : Isolated from slimy heads of 

 Dactylis glomeraia by E. Rathay in 

 Austria. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on Dactylis glo- 

 meraia. 



Note: Bacillus viucilaginosus koel- 

 eriae Aujeszky, Botanikai Kozlemenyek, 

 13, (Foreign Supl. 41), 1914, 88; Pseudo- 

 monas mucilaginosus koeleriae Moesz, 

 Schedis ad Flora Hungarica Exs. Cent. 

 IV, No. 301, Sect. Bot. Mus. Nat. Hung., 

 Budapest, 1915. The description of the 

 bacterium is possibly that of the sapro- 

 phyte, Pseiuiomonas fluorescens, but the 

 description of the disease is that caused 

 by Corynebacterium rathayi. The speci- 

 men in schedis is a head of grain that 

 appears to be infected with Corynebac- 

 terium rathayi. 



