408 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Bacterium globiforme Conn. (Conn, 

 N. Y. Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. 138, 

 1928 and 172, 1930; Cent. f. Bakt., II 

 Abt., 76, 1928, 77; Achromobacter globi- 

 forme Bergey et al., Manual, 3rd ed., 

 1930, 226.) From Latin, having the form 

 of a globe or sphere. 



Short rods: 0.4 to 0.6 by 0.6 to 0.8 mi- 

 cron, becoming coccoid in older cultures. 

 In certain liquid synthetic media, 

 branching forms with Gram-positive 

 spherical granules are common. These 

 granules have a tendency to be acid-fast. 

 Non-motile. Rods usually Gram-nega- 

 tive; coccoid forms usually Gram-posi- 

 tive. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, punctiform. 



Gelatin stab: Slow cratcriform lique- 

 faction. 



Agar colonies: Circular, punctiform, 

 translucent. 



Agar slant: Filiform, flat, smooth, 

 soft, translucent, glistening growth with 

 translucent sheen. 



Broth: Slight growth. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates in 

 synthetic agar media. 



Glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and less 

 readily lactose and various organic acids 

 are utilized as sources of carbon and 

 energj^ when grown in synthetic media. 

 No visible gas production, and probably 

 no acid except carbonic acid. 



Nitrogen may be obtained from am- 

 monium sulfate, asparagine, cystine, 

 glycerol, aspartic acid, uric acid, tyro- 

 sin, potassium nitrate, urea and peptone. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 22°C. 



Source: Seventy cultures isolated from 

 soil. 



Habitat: Widely distributed in soil. 



Genus II. Listeria Pirie.* 



(Listerella Pirie, Publ. So. African Inst, for Med. Res., 3, 1927, 163; not Listerella 

 Jahn, Ber. d. deutsch. Bot. Ges., 24, 1906, 538; not Listerella Cushman, Contr. Cush- 

 man Lab. Foram., Sharon, Mass., 9, 1933, 32; Pirie, Science, 91, 1940, 383.) Named 

 for Joseph Lister, the English surgeon and bacteriologist. 



Small rods. Gram-positive. Flagellation peritrichous. Aerobic. Catalase posi- 

 tive. Grow freely on ordinary media. Acid but no gas from glucose and a few ad- 

 ditional carbohydrates. Pathogenic parasites. Infection characterized by a mono- 

 cytosis. Parasitic on warm-blooded animals. 



The type species is Listeria monocytogenes (Murray et al.) Pirie. 



1. Listeria monocytogenes (Murray 

 et al.) Pirie. (Bacterium monocyto- 

 genes Murray, Webb and Swann, Jour. 

 Path, and Bact., 29, 1926, 407; Listerella 

 hepatolytica Pirie, Publ. S. African Inst. 

 for Med. Res., 3, 1927, 164; Listerella 

 monocytogenes Pirie, ibid.; Listerella 

 monocytogenes hominis Nyfeldt, Folia 

 Haematologica, 47, 1932; Corynebacterium 

 parvtdum Schultz, - Terry, Brice and 

 Gebhardt, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 

 31, 1934, 1021; Pirie, Science, 91, 1940, 

 .383; Bacillus monocytogenes Tobia, Arch, 

 ital. med. colon., 23, 1942, 219; abst. in 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Ref., 144, 1943, 

 199.) Derived from the Greek, meaning 

 generating monocytes. 



Small rods: 0.4 to 0.5 by 0.5 to 2.0 

 microns, with rounded ends, slightly 

 curved in some culture media. Occur 

 singly, in V-shaped or parallel pairs and 

 in short chains. Motile, peritrichous 

 (Paterson, Jour. Path, and Bact., 48, 

 1939, 25) with four flag6lla at ordinary 

 temperatures with tendency toward 

 non-motility or single flagellum at 37°C 

 (Griffin, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 114). Not 

 acid-fast. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. Growth is 

 confined to the needle track. 



In 0.25 per cent agar, 8.0 per cent gela- 

 tin, 1.0 per cent glucose semisolid me- 

 dium, growth along the stab in 24 hours 

 at 37°C, followed by irregular cloudy or 



* Revised by Prof. E. G. D. Murray, McGill Univ., Montreal, P. Q., Canada, 

 Septem-ber, 1938; further revision, January, 1945. 



