418 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



1. Achromobacter liquef aciens (Eisen- 

 berg) Bergey et al. (Bacillus liquef a- 

 ciens Eisenberg, Bakt. Diag.,3Aufl.,1891, 

 112; not Bacillus liquejaciens Doyen, 

 Jour. d. connaiss. m^dic, 1889, 108; not 

 Bacillus liquejaciens Lucet, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 7, 1893, 327; not Bacillus lique- 

 faciens Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 

 723; Bacillus sternbergii Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 726 ; Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 135.) From Latin, lique- 

 fying. 



Description emended by Bergey et al . 

 {loc. cit.). This is reported to be a com- 

 mon water organism by Lustig (Diag. d. 

 Bakt. des Wassers, 1893,86), by Frank- 

 land and Frankland (Microorganisms in 

 Water, 1894, 461) and by Horrocks (Bact. 

 Exam, of Water, 1901, 54). 



Short, rather thick rods, with rounded 

 ends, occurring singly. Motile, possess- 

 ing peritrichous flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin colonies : Circular, gray, entire, 

 slimy. Liquefaction. In time a putrid 

 odor. 



Gelatin stab : Napiform liquefaction. 



Agar slant: Dirty-white, spreading 

 growth. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: Light yellow streak. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20° to 25°C. 



Habitat : Water. 



2. Achromobacter thalassius ZoBell 

 and Upham. (Bull. Scripps Inst, of 

 Oceanography, Univ. Calif., S, 1944, 279.) 

 From Greek thalassius, marine, of the 

 sea. 



Rods: 0.6 to 0.7 by 0.8 to 2.3 microns, 

 with some variation in shape, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and short chains and many 

 cells lying side by side. Motile by means 

 of peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative 

 but cell walls tend to retain stain. 



All media except the fresh-water broth. 



litmus milk, and potato were prepared 

 with sea water. 



Gelatin colonies: 1 mm, circular, 

 white. 



Gelatin stab: Napiform liquefaction. 

 Filiform growth along line of stab. 



Agar colonies: Punctiform, rough, 

 translucent, raised. 



Agar slant: Moderate, glistening, 

 beaded, watery, butyrous growth with 

 no pigment. 



Sea-water broth: No pellicle, slight 

 turbidity, scanty powdery sediment. 



Fresh-water broth: Fair growth. 



Litmus milk: No visible change. 

 Casein not digested. 



Potato: No visible growth. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Does not ferment glucose, lactose, mal- 

 tose, sucrose, xylose, mannitol, glycerol, 

 or salicin. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Hydrogen sulfide not formed. 



Ammonia produced from peptone but 

 not from urea. 



Fats not hydrolyzed. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20° to 25°C. 



Source : Marine bottom deposits. 



3. Achromobacter iophagum (Gray and 

 Thornton) Bergey et al. {Bacterium 

 iophagum Gray and Thornton, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 73, 1928, 89 ; Bergey et al., 

 Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 204.) From 

 Greek ius, a poison and phagein, to eat 

 or devour. 



Rods: 0.8 to 1.0 by 1.0 to 5.0 microns. 

 Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. 

 Gram -negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Quickly liquefied. 



Gelatin stab : Liquefied. 



Agar colonies: Circular or amoeboid, 

 whitish, flat, raised, smooth, translucent, 

 entire. 



Agar slant : Filiform, white to buff, flat, 

 undulate . 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



