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MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



6. Achromobacter cycloclastes (Gray 

 and Thornton) Bergey et al. {Bac- 

 terium cycloclastes Gray and Thornton, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 73, 1928, 89; 

 Bergey et al., Manual, 3rd ed., 1930, 212.) 

 From Greek cyclus, ring and clastus, 

 breaking in pieces. 



Rods: 1.0 to 1.5 by 1.5 to 8.0 microns. 

 Motile with 1 to 12 peritrichous flagella. 

 Gram-negative . 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, white, 

 raised, smooth, glistening, entire. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. Nail 

 head growth. 



Agar colonies: Circular to amoeboid, 

 white, flat to convex, smooth, glistening, 

 translucent with opaque center, entire. 



Agar slant: Filiform, pale buff, raised, 

 smooth, glistening, undulate. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Litmus milk unchanged. 



No acid from carbohydrate media. 



Attacks phenol and naphthalene. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 30° to 35°C. 



Source : Three cultures from soil. 



Habitat : Soil . 



7. Achromobacter superficiale (Jor- 

 dan) Bergey et al. (Bacillus super- 

 ficialis Jordan, Report Mass. State Bd. 

 of Health, 1890, 833; Bacterium super- 

 ficialis Chester, Ann. Rept. Del. Col. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 94; Bergey et al., 

 Manual , 1 st ed . , 1 923 , 1 44 . ) From Lati ii 

 SJiperficialis, lying on the surface. 



Characters added to Jordan's descrip- 

 tion by Bergey {loc. cit.) from his private 

 notes are indicated. 



Rods: 1.0 by 2.2 microns, occurring 

 singly (Jordan). Motile, possessing peri- 

 trichous flagella. Gram-negative (Ber- 

 gey)- 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, gray, 

 translucent. 



Gelatin stab: Scanty surface growth. 

 Slow liquefaction. 



Agar slant: Limited, gray, filiform. 



Broth: Slightly turbid. 



Litmus milk: No change. Later be- 

 coming slightly acid. 



Potato : No growth (Jordan). Limited 

 growth (Bergey). Abundant (Stein- 

 haus). 



Indole not formetl (Bergey). 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 30°C. 



Source : Sewage. Gibbons (Contrib. to 

 Canadian Biol, and Fish., 8, No. 22, 1934, 

 279) reports this species as occurring in 

 the slime and feces of the cod {Gadus 

 callarias) &nd dogfish {Squalus acanthias) . 

 An organism apparently identical with, 

 this organism has been found by Stein- 

 haus (Jour. Bact., 42, 1944, 771) in the 

 intestines of beetle larvae ( Urographus 

 fasciata DeG.). 



Habitat : Presumably widely distrib- 

 uted in nature. 



8. Achromobacter stenohalis ZoBell 

 and IJpham. (Bull. Scripps Inst, of 

 Oceanography, Univ. Calif., 5, 1944, 257.) 

 From Greek stenus, narrow or close, and 

 halinus, salty; adapted to a slight change 

 of salinity only. 



Rods: 0.8 to 0.9 by 0.8 to 1.6 microns, 

 occurring singly, in pairs and short 

 chains. Non-motile. Capsulated. 



Gram -negative. 



All media except the fresh -water broth, 

 litmus milk, and potato were prepared 

 with sea water. 



Gelatin colonies: 1 mm, whitish, circu- 

 lar, convex, entire. No pigment. 



Gelatin stab : Very slow crateriform 

 liquefaction. Napiform in 50 days. 



Agar colonies: Small, circular, opales- 

 cent, lobate edge, convex with slightly 

 raised margin, smooth. 



Agar slant: Moderate, beaded, glis- 

 tening, opalescent, beaded growth with 

 no pigment. 



Sea-water broth: Moderate turbidity, 

 viscid sediment, no pellicle or ring. 



Fresh-water broth: No visible growth. 



Litmus milk: No visible change. 

 Casein not digested. 



Potato: No visible growth. 



