FAMILY ACHROMOBACTERIACEAE 



439 



Good growth at 18° C. Thermal death 

 point 54° C for five minutes. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Distinctive character : Extreme pleo- 

 niorphism in media of neutral or slightly 

 alkaline reaction. 



Source: Isolated from brewers' yeast. 



Habitat: The common short rod bac- 

 terium of brewers' yeast. 



25. Flavobacterium breve (Frankland 

 and Frankland) Bergey et al. (Kurzer 

 Canalbacillus, Mori, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 

 4, 1888, 53; Bacillus h-evis G. and P. 

 Frankland, Microorganisms in Water, 

 1894, 429; not Bacillus brevis Migula, 

 Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 583; Bacterium 

 breve Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 

 172; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 

 116.) From Latin brevis, short. 



Rods: 0.8 to 1.0 by 2.5 microns, show- 

 ing polar staining. Xon-motile. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Minute, pale yellow, 

 compact growth in 2 to 3 weeks. 



Gelatin stab : Thin, yellowish growth 

 on surface. Beaded growth in stab. 

 No liquefaction. 



Agar slant : Yellowisli growth in 2 to 

 3 days. 



Broth : Turbid with white sediment. 

 ■ Blood serum: Growth of light gray color 

 in 2 to 3 days. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato : Xo growth. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 35°C. 



Habitat : Water. 



26. Flavobacterium solare (Lehmann 

 and Neimiann) Bergey et al. {Bac- 

 terium solare Lelmiann and Neumann, 

 Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 258; Bergey 

 et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 116.) From 

 Latin Solaris, solar. 



Rods: 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.0 micron, occur- 

 ring singly, in pairs and in chains. Non- 

 motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies : Circular, yellow, glis- 

 tening, translucent. Projecting rays. 



Gelatin stab : Yellow, arborescent 

 growth in stab. No liquefaction. 



Agar slant : Pale yellow, raised, arbor- 

 escent. 



Broth : Clear. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: Soft, yellowish-brown streak. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 30°C. 



Distinctive character : Resembles 

 Flavobacterium arborescens in type of 

 growth. 



Source : WiirzlDurg tap water. Gib- 

 bons (Contrib. to Canadian Biol, and 

 Fish., 8, No. 22, 1934, 279) reports this 

 species as occurring in the slime of a 

 skate (Raja erinacea) and of a hake 

 (Urophycis tenuis). 



Habitat : Fresh and salt water. 



27. Flavobacterium flavotenue 

 Schrire. (Trans. Royal Soc. South 

 Africa, 17, 1928, 45.) From Latin 

 flavus, tawny yellow and tenuis, slender. 

 Probably intended to mean, yellow and 

 slender. 



Small rods: Non-motile. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Agar colonies: Small, circular, lemon 

 yellow, raised, entire. 



Agar slant : Filiform, lemon yellow. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: Moist, yellow streak. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Acid from glucose, galactose and xylose. 



Pathogenic to white mice and guinea 

 pigs. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 20°C. 



Source : Isolated fro m a mold-like 

 growth in a frog {Xenopus laevis). 



Habitat: Unknown. 



Appendix : Some of the following spe- 

 cies were described before Gram and 

 flagella stains had been perfected. 



