FAMILY EXTEROBACTERIACEAE 



447 



for utilization of certain sugar alcohols 

 and their anhydrides; Poe and Klemme 

 (Jour. Biol. Chem., 109, 1935, 43) for 

 utilization of rare sugars. See Winslow, 

 Kligler and Rothberg (Jour. Bact., 4, 

 1919, 429) for review of literature relative 

 to classification. 



Fecal odor produced. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Growth requirements: Good growth 

 on ordinary laboratory media. Optimum 

 growth temperature 30° to 37°C. Growth 

 takes place at 10°C and at 45°C. Gas 

 produced from glucose at 45° to 46°C. 

 Eijkmann test positive (Eijkmann, Cent, 

 f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 37, 1904, 74; 

 Perry and Hajna, Jour. Bact., 26, 1933, 

 419). 



Source : From feces of infants. 



Habitat : Normal inhabitant of the 

 intestine of man and all vertebrates. 

 Widely distributed in nature. Fre- 

 quently causes infections of the genito- 

 urinary tract. Invades the circulation 

 in agonal stages of diseases. 



la. Escherichia coli var. acidilactici 

 (Topley and Wilson) Yale. 



(Milchsaure bacterium, Hueppe, Mit. 

 d. kais. Gesund., 2, 1884, 340; Bacillus 

 acidi lactici Zopf, Die Spaltpilze, 1885, 

 87; not Bacterium acidi lactici Zopf, 

 Die Spaltpilze, 1884, 60; Bacillus acidi 

 lactici I and // Grotenfelt, Fortschr. d. 

 Med., 7, 1889, 121; possibly also Bac- 

 terium acidi lactici I and // Grotenfelt, 

 ibid., 123; Bacterium acidi lactici Migula, 

 in Engler and Pi-antl, Natiirlichen Pflan- 

 zenfamilien, 1, la, 1895, 25; not Bac- 

 terium acidi lactici Kruse, in Fliigge, 

 Die Mikroorganismen, 3 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 357; not Bacterium B, Peters, Bot. Zei- 

 tung, 47, 1889, 422) ; possibly Bacterium 

 grotenfeldtii Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 

 1900, 408, a synonym of Bacterium acidi 

 lactici I Grotenfelt; Bacillus acidi- 

 lactici Jackson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 8, 1911, 

 241 ; possibly Bacillus lacticus IVIac6, 

 Traits pratique de bact., 1913, 452; not 

 Bacillus lacticus Kruse, in Fliigge, Die 

 Mikroorganismen, 2, 1896, 356; Bacterium 



duodenale Ford, Studies from Victoria 

 Hospital, Montreal, /, 1903, 17 (according 

 to Perkins, Jour. Inf. Dis., 37, 1925, 247) ; 

 Encapsulatus acidi lactici Castellani and 

 Chalmers, Manual of Trop. Med., 1919, 

 934; Bacillus lactici-acidi Holland, Jour. 

 Bact., 5, 1920, 218; Bacterium acidi- 

 lactici Holland, ibid.; (Encapsulata) 

 Bacillus duodenale Perkins, Jour. Inf. 

 Dis., 37, 1925, 247; Escherichia acidi- 

 lactici Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 199; Bacterium coli var. acidi 

 lactici Topley and Wilson, Princip. Bact. 

 and Immun., 1, 1931, 446; Yale, in 

 Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 393.) 



Identification : Includes strains of 

 Escherichia coli which do not attack 

 either sucrose or salicin. It is generally 

 thought that Hueppe's cultures were 

 contaminated with a spore-former. 



Source : From milk. 



lb. Escherichia coli var. neapolitana 

 (Topley and Wilson) Yale. (Neapeler 

 Bacterien, Emmerich, Deut. med. 

 Wchnschr., 10, 1884, 299 ; Bacillus neapol- 

 itanus Fliigge, Die Mikroorganismen, 1886, 

 270; Bacterium neapolitanus Chester, 

 Ann. Rept. Del. Col. Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 

 1897, 138; Escherichia neapolitana Castel- 

 lani and Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med., 3rd 

 ed., 1919, 942; Bacterium coli var. nea- 

 politanum Topley and Wilson, Princip. 

 Bact. and Immun., 1, 1931, 446; Yale, in 

 Manual, 5th ed., 1939, 393.) 



Identification : Includes strains of 

 Escherichia coli which ferment sucrose 

 and salicin. 



Source : From cholera patients or cad- 

 avers, originally thought to be the cause 

 of cholera. 



Ic. Escherichia coli var. communior 

 (Topley and Wilson) Yale. {Bacillus 

 coZicommwnior Durham, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 5, 1900, 353; Bacillus communior Ford, 

 Studies from Victoria Hosp., Montreal, 

 1, 1903, 17; Bacterium communior Jack- 

 son, Jour. Inf. Dis., 8, 1911, 241 ; Bacillus 

 coli -communior Holland, Jour. Bact., 6, 

 1920, 217; Bacterium coli-communior 



