460 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



*Appendix I. Tribe Eschericheae: Borman, Wheeler and Stuart (Jour. Bact., 4S, 

 1944, 361) place coliform-like bacteria that are slow lactose-fermenters in a separate 

 genus Paracolobactrum as follows: 



Genus A. Paracolobactrum Borman, Stuart and Wheeler. 



(Paracolibacille, Widal and Nobecourt, Semaine MM., 17, 1897, 285; Borman, Stuart 

 and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) 



Short rods characterized by consistently delayed fermentation of lactose (occasion- 

 ally negative). Glucose is fei"mented with formation of visible gas. Certain forms 

 attack carbohydrates characteristically at 20° to 30°C but not at 37 °C. Antigenic 

 relationships to other genera in the family are common, even with respect to major 

 antigens. 



The type species is Faracolobactrum aerogenoides Borman, Stuart and Wheeler. 



Key to the species of genus Paracolobactrum. 



I. Acetylmethylcarbinol produced. 



1. Paracolobactrum aerogenoides. 

 II. Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. 



A. Citric acid utilized as a sole source of carbon. 



2. Paracolobactrum intermedium. 



B. Citric acid not utilized as a sole source of carbon. 



3. Paracolobactrum coliforme. 



1. Paracolobactrum aerogenoides Bor- 

 man, Stuart and Wheeler. (Para-aero- 

 genes, Stuart, Wheeler, Rustigian and 

 Zimmerman, Jour. Bact., 43, 1943, 117; 

 Borman, Stuart and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 

 48, 1944, 361.) Latinized, resembling 

 aerogenes. 



Characters as for Aerobacter aerogenes 

 and Aerobacter cloacae except for con- 

 sistently delayed fermentation of lactose. 



Source: From human gastroenteritis. 



Habitat: Surface water, .soils, grains, 

 as well as the intestinal tract of animals, 

 including man. 



2. Paracolobactrum intermedium Bor- 

 man, Stuart and Wheeler. (Para- 

 freundii, Stuart et al., Jour. Bact., 4S, 

 1943, 117; Borman, Stuart and Wheeler, 

 Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) From Latin 

 intermedins , intermediate . 



Characters as for Escherichia freundii 

 and Escherichia intermedium except for 

 consistently delayed fermentation of 

 lactose. 



Source : From human gastroenteritis. 



Habitat: Surface water, soil, grains, as 

 well as the intestinal tract of animals, in- 

 cluding man. 



3. Paracolobactrum coliforme Borman 



Stuart and Wheeler. (Para-coli, Stuart 

 et al.. Jour. Bact., 45, 1943, 117; Borman, 

 Stuart and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 

 1944, 361.) Latinized, resembling coli. 



Characters as for Escherichia coli 

 except for consistently delayed fermen- 

 tation of lactose. 



Source : From human gastroenteritis. 



Habitat: Surface water, soil, grains, 

 as well as intestinal tract of animals, in- 

 cluding man. 



Note : The following also belong here : 

 Bacterium paracoli Stutzer and 

 Wsorow. (Non-lactose-fermenting Bac- 

 terium coli, Gilbert and Lion, Semaine 

 Med., 13, 1893, 130; Stutzer and Wsorow, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 71, 1927, 115.) 

 From intestines of healthy larvae of a 

 moth {Euxoa segetum). 



Salmonella para-colon (Day) Hauduroy 

 et al. {Bacillus para-colon Day; see Cas- 

 tellani, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 

 65, 1912, 264; also Castellani and Chal- 

 mers, Man. Trop. Med., 3rd ed., 1919,950; 

 Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. Path., 

 1937, 461.) 



* Prepared by Dr. E. K. Borman, Bureau of Laboratories, State Department of 

 Health, Hartford, Connecticut, July, 1945. 



