464 MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



II. fPathogens which normally cause a soft rot in plants (largely belong in the genus 

 Pectobacterium Waldee). 

 A. Gas produced in sugar media. 

 1. Gelatin liquefied. 



a. Nitrites produced from nitrates, 

 b. Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



7. Erwinia betivora. 



8. Envinia carnegieana. 



bb. Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



9. Erwinia atruseptica. 



10. Erwinia carotovora. 

 aa. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



11. Erwinia erivanensis. 



2. Gelatin not liquefied, 

 a. Starch hydrolyzed. 



aa. Starch not hydrolyzed. 



12. Erwinia flavida. 



13. Erwinia dissolvens. 



14. Ernnnin nimipressuralis . 



B. Gas not produced in sugar media. 



1. Gelatin liquefied. 



a. Nitrites produced from nitrates, 

 b. Starch hydrolyzed. 



15. Erwinia ananas. 



16. Erwinia cytolytica. 

 bb. Starch not hydrolyzed. 



c. Acid from lactose. 



17. Erwinia aroideae. 



18. Erwinia mangiferae. 

 cc. No acid from lactose. 



19. Erwinia citrimaculans. 



2. Gelatin not liquefied. 



20. Erwinia rhapontici. 



3. Very slow gelatin liquefaction. 



a. Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



21. Erwinia lathyri. 



C. Gas production not reported. 

 1. Gelatin liquefied. 



a. Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



22. Erwinia lilii. 



t The second group of species usually causes soft rots, but includes a few not very 

 typical species. Waldee (loc. cit.) has proposed that the species that cause typical 

 soft rot be placed in a new genus, Pectobacterium, with Pectobacterium carotovorum as 

 the type species. The new genus is retained in the family Enter obacteriaceae. Wal- 

 dee would place the atypical species in other genera, Erwinia dissolvens for example 

 being placed in the genus Aerobacter. As further comparative studies are needed 

 before such changes can be made with confidence, the older arrangement is allowed to 

 stand in this edition of the Manual. 



