FAMILY EXTEROBACTERIACEAE 



473 



15. Erwinia ananas Serrano. (Philip- 

 pine Jour. Sci., 36, 1928, 271; Bacillus 

 ananas Serrano, ibid.; Bacterium ananas 

 Burgwitz, Phytopathogenic Bacteria, 

 Leningrad, 1935, 44.) Named for the 

 genus. Ananas. 



Note : Not to be confused with Pseudo- 

 monas (Phytomonas) ananas Serrano, 

 Philippine Jour. Sci., 36, 1928, 271. 



Short rods: 0.6 by 0.9 micron, with 

 rounded ends, occurring singly, in pairs 

 and in short chains. Encapsulated. 

 Motile with peritrichous flagella. Gram- 

 negative . 



Gelatin stab: Stratiform liquefaction, 

 with a deep chrome-yellow sediment. 



Potato glucose agar: After 24 hours, 

 circular, 3 mm in diameter, convex, 

 dense, homogeneous, entire, moist, straw- 

 yellow, mottled, becoming primuline 

 yellow. Plates have a molasses odor. 

 Show two types of colonies, rough and 

 smooth. Rough colonies have crenate 

 margins. 



Potato glucose agar slant : Growth 

 straw-yellow, raised, becoming primu- 

 line yellow, moist, glistening. 



Broth: Turbid, with a straw-colored 

 pellicle and ring. 



Glucose broth: Growth sulfur yellow. 



Litmus milk: Coagulated, faintly 

 acid, becoming alkaline. 



Potato : Copious growth, moist, glisten- 

 ing, spreading, becoming primuline yel- 

 low. 



Indole not formed. 



Blood serum : Moderate growth, 

 slightly raised, mustard yellow to primu- 

 line yellow. No liquefaction after 3 

 months. 



Cohn's solution: No growth. 



Phenol negative. 



Diastase produced. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Slight amount of ammonia produced. 



Slight amount of H2S produced. 



Small amount of alcohol and aldehyde 

 produced. 



No gas from carbohydrates. Acid 

 from glucose, lactose, sucrose, mannitol, 



raffinose, glycerol, salicin, dextrin, mal- 

 tose, fructose and mannose. No acid 

 from arabinose, xylose, amygdalin, rham- 

 nose, inositol, inulin, dulcitol, adonitol, 

 asparagine or starch. 



Source : From the pineapple {Ananas 

 sativum) and sugar-cane {Saccharum offi,- 

 cinarum). 



Habitat : Causes a brown rot of the 

 fruitlets of pineapple. 



16. Erwinia cytolytica Chester. (Phy- 

 topath., 28, 1938, 431.) From Latin, cell 

 dissolving. 



Rods: 0.6 to 0.7 by 2.5 to 3.5 microns. 

 Singly or in pairs. Gram-negative. Mo- 

 tile with peritrichous flagella. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: 2 to 3 mm in diameter, 

 round, convex, moist, glistening, grayish- 

 white, watery, translucent. Light 

 brownish-yellow by transmitted light. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Milk: Coagulated in 5 to 7 days. 

 Slightly acid. Not digested. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not formed. 



Hydrogen sulfide not formed. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol : A slight reac- 

 tion. 



Acid without gas from glucose, lactose, 

 sucrose, raffinose, mannitol, salicin and 

 isodulcitol. No acid from fructose, arab- 

 inose, xylose, glycerol and inulin. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectin dissolved. 



Asparagine, peptone, and ammonia 

 used as nitrogen sources in synthetic 

 medium plus glucose. Potassium nitrate 

 not used. 



Optimum temperature 28° to 30°C. 

 Growth at 37°C. Slow growth at 20°C 

 and no growth at 8° to 10°C. 



Good growth at pH 6.8 to 7.3. Feeble 

 growth at 5.0. No growth at 4.4, 



Aerobic and facultative anaerobic. 



Source : Several isolates from diseased 

 dahlias in New York Botanical Garden. 



Habitat : Causes a rot of the tuber and 

 stems of dahlias. 



