482 



MANUAL OP DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Bacillus aus Plymouth, Fischer, Zeitschr. 

 f. Hyg., 2, 1887, 74; Bacterium ply- 

 muthicum Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. 

 Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 264; Bacillus 

 plymouthensis Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 

 1900, 849; Erythrobacillus plymouthensis 

 Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 220; Bergey 

 et al., IManual, 1st ed., 1923, 88.) Latin- 

 ized from Plymouth, England. 



Distinct rods : 0.6 by 1 .5 to 2.0 microns 

 with rounded ends, occurring singly and 

 in short chains. Motile with peritrichous 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies : Like Serratia mar- 

 cescens. Original culture mucoid. 



Gelatin stab : Crateriform liquefaction. 

 Liquefaction as in Serratia niarcescens. 



Agar colonies : Like mucoid varieties of 

 Serratia viarcescens . 



Agar slant : Sometimes show metallic 

 luster. Pigment as in Serratia inarces- 

 cens. 



Broth: Like Serratia marcescens. 



Litmus milk: Acid and coagulated. 



Potato: Growth violet pink, with or 

 without metallic luster. 



Gas from glucose, lactose and sucrose, 

 70 to 80 per cent of it CO;. Remainder 

 is Ho. Gas is also produced in asparagine 

 solutions. 



Strong fecal odor produced. 



Blood serum liquefied. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol is produced 

 (Breed). 



Sodium formate broth: Cultures pro- 

 duce abundant gas (Breed). 



Pigment soluble in alcohol, ether and 

 sometimes water. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 30 °C. 



Source : From water supply of PI3'- 

 mouth, England. 



Habitat : Water and various foods. 



4. Serratia kilensis (Lehmann and 

 Neumann) Bergey et al. (Bacterium 

 h, Breunig, Inaug. Diss., Kiel, 1888; 

 Bacillus ruber hallicus Kruse, in Fliigge, 

 Die Mikroorganismen, 3 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 303; Bacterium kiliense Lehmann and 



Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 263 ; Bacterium, ruber balticus Chester, 

 Ann. Rept. Del. Col. Agr. Exp. Sta., 

 9, 1897, 142; Bacillus kiliensis Migula, 

 Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 8i7 ; Enjthrobacil- 

 lus kilieyisis Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 

 218; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 

 90 ; Chromobacterium kielense Topley and 

 Wilson, Princip. Bact. and Immun., 1, 

 1931, 400.) From Kiel, a city on the 

 Baltic Sea. 



Description taken from Kruse {loc. 

 cit.) and Bergey et al. (loc. cit.). 



Slender rods: 0.7 to 0.8 by 2.5 to 5.0 

 microns, occurring singly. Motile with 

 four peritrichous flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Deep gelatin colonies : Bright yellow. 

 Gelatin liquefied slowly, usually becom- 

 ing rose-red. 



Glucose gelatin stab: Rapid liquefac- 

 tion. Occasional gas bubbles (Breed). 



Agar colonies: Small, red becoming 

 magenta, smooth. 



Agar slant : Bright red becoming darker 

 in old cultures. 



Agar stab : Turbid strongly pigmented 

 water of condensation. 



Broth : Turbid. Usually reddened. 



Litmus milk : Acid ; at 20°C, coagulated 

 slowly and pigment produced; at 35°C, 

 coagulated rapidly and no pigment 

 produced. 



Potato : Slight red growth, becoming 

 luxuriant and darker. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites and free nitrogen produced 

 from nitrates. 



Blood serum liquefied. 



Acid and gas from carbohydrates (Leh- 

 mann and Neumann, loc. cit.). Gas 

 from glucose, lactose and sucrose, 20 to 30 

 per cent of it CO2 (Bergey). Inactive 

 lactic acid produced and not more than a 

 trace of acetylmethylcarbinol or 2, 3 

 butylene glycol (Pederson and Breed, 

 Jour. Bact., 16, 1928, 183). 



Sodium formate broth : Gas produced 

 (Breed). 



