484 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



strains of these organisms occur in nature 

 but these strains when found have prob- 

 ably been placed in non-chromogenio 

 genera of the family Enter ohacteriaceae. 



Bacillus ruber Frank. (Frank, in 

 Cohn, Beitr. z. Biol. d. Pflanz., 1, Heft 

 3, 1875, 181; not Bacillus ruber Zimmer- 

 mann, Bakt. unserer Trink- u. Nutz- 

 wasser, Chemnitz, 1, 1890, 24; not 

 Bacillus ruber Miquel, see Cent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., 11, 1903, 402; Bacterium ruber 

 Chester, Ann. Rept. Del. Col. Agr. 

 Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 113.) Grew in a warm 

 place on rice cooked in chicken broth. 



Bacillus subkiliensis Petrow. (Arb. 

 bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 2, Heft 3, 1902, 

 273.) Dust contamination from air. 

 Reported to resemble Bacillus kiliensis. 



Bacterium aurescens Parr. (Proc. Soc. 

 Exp. Biol, and Med., 35, 1937, 563). A 

 reddish-brown organism. This and the 

 reddish-orange organism described by 

 Tittsler (Jour. Bact., S3, 1937, 450), 

 which are regarded as pigmented vari- 

 ants of Escherichia coli, resemble the 

 organisms in Serratia closely but do not 

 liquefy gelatin. From water. 



Serratia amylorubra (Hefferan) Bergey 

 et al. {Bacillus amyloruber Hefferan, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 11, 1903, 313; 

 Erythrobacillus amyloruber Holland, Jour. 

 Bact., 5, 1920, 217 ; Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 90.) From Mississippi 

 River water and butternailk. 



Serratia esseyana Combe. (These, 

 Ecole de M^d. Univ. Besangon, 1934, 1.) 

 From well water at Essey . A study of an 

 authentic culture shows this to be Ser- 

 ratia marcescens (Breed). 



Serratia fuchsina (Boekhout and De 

 Vries) Bergey et al. (Bacillus fuchsinus 

 Boekhout and DeVries, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., 4, 1898, 497; Erythrobacillus 

 fuchsinus Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 

 218; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 

 91.) Bacillus fuchsinus Migula. (Der 

 rote Bacillus, Lustig, Diag. d. Bakterien 

 d. Wassers, 1893, 72; Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 853.) Although these two 

 organisms were named independently 



from different cultures, they were un- 

 doubtedly identical. The original cul- 

 tures of these species appear to have 

 been heavy pigmented strains of Serratia 

 marcescens showing a metallic luster. 

 No authentic cultures are available. 

 From water. 



Serratia gutturis Jan. (Bull. Soc. Sci. 

 de Bretagne, 16, 1939, 34.) From spu- 

 tum. Claimed to be different from 

 Serratia marcescens on the ground that 

 it will grow on an asparagine medium 

 and that it reduces molybdates actively. 



Serratia marinorubra Zobell and Up- 

 ham. (Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogra- 

 phy, LaJolla, 5, 1944, 255.) From sea 

 water. Grew only on sea water media 

 when first isolated but later a culture 

 studied by Breed (1944) became adapted 

 to growth on ordinary media and then 

 showed the characteristics of Serratia 

 marcescens. 



Serratia miniacea (Zimmermann) Ber- 

 gey et al. {Bacillus miniaceus Zimmer- 

 mann, Die Bakterien unserer Trink- und 

 Nutzwasser, Chemnitz, 1, 1890, 46; 

 Erythrobacillus miniaceus Holland, Jour. 

 Bact., 5, 1920, 219 ; Bergey et al.. Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 90.) Probably a heavily 

 pigmented strain of Serratia marcescens 

 or Serratia plymuthicum showing metallic 

 luster. From water. 



Serratia pyoseptica (Fortineau) Ber- 

 gey et al. {Erythrobacillus pyosepticus 

 Fortineau, Thesis, Faculty of Medicine, 

 Paris, 1904; abstract in Bull. Inst. Pas- 

 teur, 3, 1905, 13; Bergey et al.. Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 89.) No constant differ- 

 ences have been detected between Ser- 

 ratia marcescens and authentic cultures 

 of Serratia pyoseptica. From the shirt 

 of a hospital patient. Pathogenic for 

 guinea pigs and birds. Forms a soluble 

 toxin. 



Serratia rubidaea Stapp. {Bacterium 

 rubidaeum Stapp, Cent. f. Bakt., II 

 Abt., 102, 1940, 251; ibid., 259.) From 

 surface of plants and in composts. Char- 

 acters much like those of Serratia 

 marcescens. 



