536 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



2. Indole produced. 



a. Acid from dulcitol. 



aa. No acid from dulcitol. 



III. Action on mannitol unknown. 

 A. No acid from lactose. 

 1. Indole is produced. 



1. Shigella dysenteriae (Shiga) Cas- 

 tellani and Chalmers. (Bacillus of Jap- 

 anese dysentery, Shiga, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 I Abt., 23, 1S98, 599; Bacillus dysenteriae 

 Shiga, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 24, 1898, 

 817; Bacillus japaniciis Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 755; Bacillus shigae 

 Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 228 

 Bacillus dysentericus Ruffer and Will 

 more, Brit. Med. Jour., 2, 1909, 862 

 Bacterium dysenteriae Lehmann and 

 Neumann,Bakt.Diag.,5Aufl.,,?, 1912,348 

 not Bacterium dysenteriae Chester, Man 

 Determ. Bact., 1901, 145; Castellani 

 and Chalmers, Man. Trop. Med., 3rd ed. 

 1919, 935; Bacterium shigae Holland 

 Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 220; Eberthella 

 dysenteriae Bergej^ et al.. Manual, 2nd 

 ed., 1925, 250.) Latinized, of dysentery. 



Rods: 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 3.0 microns, 

 occurring singly. Non-motile. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, grayish, 

 smooth, homogeneous, entire to slightly 

 undulate. 



Gelatin stab: Grayish surface growth. 

 No liquefaction. 



Agar slant : Grayish, filiform to echinu- 

 late, smooth, entire to undulate growth. 



Broth: Slightly turbid, with grayish 

 sediment. v 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid, then alka- 

 line. 



Potato: Delicate, grayisli io slightly 

 brownish streak. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 raffinose, glycerol and adonitol. Does 

 not attack arabinose, xylose, maltose. 



9. Shigella ceylonensis. 



10. Shigella madampcnsis. 



11. Shigella seplicemiae. 



lactose, sucrose, salicin, mannitol, dul- 

 citol or rhamnose. 



Does not reduce trimethylamine oxide 

 (Wood et al.. Jour. Bact., 46, 1943, 106). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. Does 

 not grow at45.5°C (Eijkman's reaction, 

 Stuart et al.. Jour. Bact., 46, 1943, 105). 



Serologically homogeneous and differ- 

 ent from the other species of Shigella. 

 Forms a potent exotoxin. 



Source: From widespread epidemics of 

 dysentery in Japan. 



Habitat : A cause of dysentery in man 

 and monkeys. 



2. Shigella ambigua (Andrewes) Wei-' 

 din. (Bazillus Schmitz, Schmitz, 

 Ztschr. f. Hyg., 84, 1917, 449; Bacillus 

 ambiguus Andrewes, The Lancet, 194, 

 191S,5&0; Bacillus dysenteriae' 'Schmitz", 

 Murray, Jour. Roy. Army Med. 

 Corps, 3/, 1918,257; Bacterium ambiguum 

 Levine, Abst. Bact., 4, 1920, 15; not 

 Bacterium ambiguum Chester, Del. Col. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta. Ann. Rept., 11, 1900, 59; 

 Eberthella ambigua Bergey et al.. Man- 

 ual, 1st ed., 1923, 229; Bacillus para- 

 dysenteriae X, Stutzer, Cent. f. Bakt., I 

 Abt., Orig., 90, 1923, 12; Bacterium 

 schmitzil Weldin and Levine, Abst. 

 Bact., 7, 1923, 13; Weldin, Iowa State 

 College Jour. Sci., 1, 1927, 177; Shigella 

 schmitzii Ilauduroy et al.. Diet. d. 

 Bact. Path., 1937, 496.) From Latin, 

 uncertain. 



Morphology and colony characters in- 

 distinguishable from those of Shigella 

 dysenteriae. 



Acid from glucose and rhamnose. 



