538 



Manual of determinative bacteriology 



both maliliitol-fermeutiiig and non-fer- 

 menting Newcastle bacilli (Clayton and 

 Warren, Jour. Hyg., 28, 1929, 355 and 29, 

 1929, 191). 



The following tables are taken from 

 Boyd (loc. cit.). 



Table 1. — Classification of Shigella parody senteriae. 



New Name 



Bacillus dysenteriae Flexner I 



Bacillus dysenteriae Flexner II 



Bacillus dysenteriae Flexner III 



Bacillus dysenteriae Flexner IV 

 Bacillus dysenteriae F'lexner V 

 Bacillus dysenteriae Flexner VI 



Bacillus dysenteriae Boyd I 

 Bacillus dysenteriae Boyd II 

 Bacillus dysenteriae Boyd III 



Old Name 



Andrewes 



Inman 



(Flexner) 

 Andrewes 



Inman 



(Strong) 

 Andrewes 



Inman Z 

 Type 103 

 Type P 119 

 88-Newcastle- 



Manchester 



group 



Type 170 

 Type P 2S8 

 Type Dl 



and 

 V 



and 



The six Flexner types possess a com- 

 mon group antigen and separate type- 

 specific antigens. The three Boyd types 

 are distinct antigenically from each 

 other and from the Flexner types. 



Two new Flexner types (Type 953 = 

 provisional Type VII and Type 1296/7 

 = provisional Tj^pe VIII) have been 

 described by Francis (Jour. Path, and 

 Bact., 58, 1946, 320) as this section goes 

 to press. Also see Boyd (ibid., 297). 



Table 2. — Subclassification of Bacillus dysenteriae 

 Flexner VI (including the Newcastle bacillus). 



Type 88 (33 per 

 cent of strains) 



Type 88 (66 per 

 cent of strains) 



Manchester ba- 

 cillus 



Newcastle bacil- 

 lus 



Dulcitol 



(late) A 

 (late) AG 

 (late) AG 



Source; From feces in cases of dysen- 

 tery. 



Habitat: A cause of dysentery in man. 

 A cause of summer diarrhoea in children. 



Note: The term Bacillus paradysen- 

 teriae is used by Kruse (Mtinch. med. 

 Wchnschr., 1917, 1309) for the Esche- 

 richia coZ/-like motile and gas-forming 

 Gram-negative rods that have been 

 found to cause dysentery-like diseases. 

 Kruse (Deut. med. Wchnschr., 27, 1901, 

 388) uses the term pseudodysentery for 

 the group that includes the Flexner, 

 Strong, and Hiss and Russell types. 

 See Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. 

 Diag., 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 456. Gardner 

 (Med. Res. Council, System of Bacteriol- 

 ogy, 4, 1929, 170) states that "Kruse's 

 terms B. dysenteriae for Shiga, and Ba- 

 cillus pseudodysenteriae for the Flexner- 

 Sonne-Schmitz groups have, however, 

 never taken root outside the German- 

 speaking world". 



4a. Shigella paradysenteriae (Type 

 Newcastle). (Clayton and Warren, 

 Jour. Hyg., 28, 1929, 355 and 29, 1929, 

 191; Bacillus dysenteriae Fle.xner VI in 

 part, Boyd, Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. 

 Med. and Hyg., 33, 1940, 553.) 



Rods: Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



In peptone water solution, lactose, 

 mannitol, and sucrose not fermented. 

 Glucose, maltose and dulcitol fermented. 



Peculiarities of the organism are: (1) 

 Occasionally a slight bubble of gas is 

 produced from glucose and dulcitol, (2) 

 when the substrate is dissolved in beef 

 extract broth, glucose, dulcitol and mal- 

 tose are always fermented to gas and 

 acid. 



Does not reduce trimethylamine oxide 

 (Wood et al., Jour. Bact., 46, 1943, 106). 



Optimum temperature 37 °C. Does 

 not grow at 45.5°C (Stuart et al.. Jour. 

 Bact., 46, 1943, 105). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Serologically related to the mannitol- 

 fermenting strains of Shigella paradysen- 

 teriae. 



