586 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



garded by Pfeiffer und others to be the 

 cause of influenza. 



Note: Six types (a-f) of Hemo-philus 

 influenzae are recognized on the basis of 

 precipitation of immune serum by cap- 

 sular substance. Strains from cerebro- 

 spinal fluid are usually of type b. The 

 majority of the strains from the icspira- 

 tory tract are not type-speciflc. 



2. Hemophilus suis Hauduroy et al. 

 {Hemophilus influenzae suis Lewis and 

 Shope, Jour. Exp. Med., 54, 1931, 361 

 and 373; Bacterium influenzae suis 

 Kobe, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 129, 

 1933, 161 ; Hauduroy et al., Diet. d. Bact. 

 Path., 1937, 258.) From Latin, swine. 



Resembles Hemophilus influenzae ex- 

 cept it is relatively inert to growth, in- 

 dole is not formed, nitrites are produced 

 from nitrates, and maltose and sucrose 

 are slightly fermented but not the car- 

 bohydrates fermented by Hemophilus 

 influenzae. 



Source: From cases of swine influenza. 



Habitat: With a filterable virus it 

 causes swine influenza. 



3. Hemophilus hemolyticus Bergey 

 et al. (Bacillus X, Pritchett and Still- 

 man, Jour. Exp. Med., 29, 1919, 259; 

 Stillman and Bourn, Jour. Exp. Med., 

 32, 1920, 665; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st 

 ed., 1923, 269.) From Greek, blood-dis- 

 solving. 



Morphologically like Hemophilus in- 

 fluenzae. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Requires both the factors X and V for 

 its growth. Valentine and Rivers (Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 45, 1927, 993) isolated certain 

 hemolytic strains which did not entirely 

 agree with this. 



Blood agar colonies : Resemble Hemo- 

 philus influenzae but surrounded by a 

 zone of hemolysis. 



Blood agar slant : Thin, filiform, trans- 

 parent growth. 



Blood broth: Turbid, showing hemol- 

 ysis. 



Blood milk mixture : Slightly alkaline. 



Sterile luiheated potato favors de- 

 velopment . 



Indole is formed by some strains. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Some strains do not attack carbohy- 

 drates, other strains ferment various 

 carbohydrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 37 °C. 



Habitat : Found in upper respiratory 

 tract of man. No n -pathogenic. 



4. Hemophilus parainfluenzae Rivers. 

 (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., 33, 1922, 

 429.) From Latin, like, and the disease, 

 influenza. 



Morphologically like Hemophilus in- 

 fluenza. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Requires the V factor for its growth. 



Blood agar colonies : Resemble Hemo- 

 philus influenzae. No hemolysis. 



Blood agar slant : Thin filiform trans- 

 plant. 



Broth containing yeast extract : Floc- 

 cular sediment. 



Indole is formed by some strains from 

 cat. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Some strains attack none of the carbo- 

 hydrates; other strains ferment various 

 carbohydrates . 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. 



Habitat : Found in upper respiratory 

 tract of man and cat. Usually non- 

 pathogenic. 



5. Hemophilus pertussis Holland. 

 (Microbe de coqueluche, Bordet and 

 Gengou, Ann. Inst. Past., 20, 1906, 

 731; Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 219; 

 Bacillus pertussis Holland, idem; Bac- 

 terium tussis convulsivae Lehmann and 

 Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 

 317 (Bordet and Gengou's organism) ; 

 not Bacterium tussis convulsivae Leh- 

 mann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 2 

 Aufl., 2, 1899, 192 (Czaplewski and 



