FAMILY PARVOBACTERIACEAE 



591 



Lwoff, Ann. Inst. Past., 62, 1939, 173; 

 Hemophilus duplex Murray, in Manual, 

 5th ed., 1939, 308.) From Latin, pitted. 



Audureau (Ann. Inst. Past., 64, 1940, 

 128) recognizes an atypical variety of 

 this species. To distinguish between 

 the two varieties, she designates these 

 as Moraxella lacunata var. typica and 

 Moraxella lacunata var. atypica. 



Short rods: 0.4 to 0.5 by 2.0 microns, 

 occurring singly and in pairs and short 

 chains. Ends rounded or square in the 

 chains. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: No growth. 



Gelatin stab: No growth. 



Blood agar colonies: Small, circular, 

 transparent, entire. Growth on sub- 

 culture difficult. Certain strains are 

 not surrounded by zones of hemolj^sis; 

 others are (Oag, Jour. Path, and Bact., 

 54, 1942, 128). 



Serum agar colonies: Delicate, grayish. 



Loffler's blood serum: Slow but definite 

 liquefaction (pitting) around the 

 colonies. 



Ascitic broth : Turbid with slight, 

 grayish sediment. 



Blood milk mixture : Doubtful de- 

 velopment. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: No growth. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Various carbohydrates and mannitol 

 are attacked. 



Optimum temperature 37 °C. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Source : From conjunctiva. 



Habitat : The cause of subacute in- 

 fectious conjunctivitis, or angular con- 

 junctivitis. 



2. Moraxella liquefaciens (McNab) 

 comb. nov. (Diplobacille liqu^fiant. Pet- 

 tit, Annales d'oculistique, March, 1899, 

 166 and Thesis, Paris, 1900, 223; Diplo- 

 bacillus liquefaciens McNab, Klinische 

 Monatsbl. f. Augenheilk., 42, 1904, 64; 

 Bacillus duplex liquefaciens Lwoff, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 62, 1939, 170; Moraxella 



duplex liquefaciens Lwoff, ibid., 171; 

 Moraxella duplex Lwoff, ibid., 171; 

 Moraxella duplex var. liquefaciens Audu- 

 reau, Ann. Inst. Past., 64, 1940, 139.) 

 From Latin, liquefying. 



Diplobacilli : 1.0 to 1.5 by 2.0 microns, 

 occurring singly and in pairs, and having 

 rounded ends. Capsules not demon- 

 strated. Non-motile. Stain uniformly 

 with basic aniline dyes. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Round, 1.5 to 2.0 

 mm in diameter, yellowish-white. 



Gelatin stab: Rapid liquefaction. 



Blood agar: Ready growth in primary 

 and subculture. 



Ascitic agar colonies : Grayish, thick, 

 round, viscous. 



Peptone agar colonies : Same as above, 

 but less abundant growth. 



Coagulated serum: Liquefaction in 3 

 to 4 daj's; eventually complete. 



Plain broth : Poor growth, if any. 

 Slight uniform turbidity. 



Ascitic broth : Abunda,nt growth in 24 

 hours at 35°C. Uniform turbidity. 

 Later sediment and an opaque pellicle. 



Milk: No growth. No coagulation. 



Potato : Slight, yellowish-white, vis- 

 cous growth. 



Optimum temperature between 20° 

 and 37°C. ffilled at 55°C for 15 minutes. 



Aerobic . 



Not pathogenic for laboratory animals. 



Source: From cases of conjunctivitis 

 associated with corneal ulceration in 

 man. 



Habitat : Conjunctivitis in man so far 

 as known. 



3. Moraxella bovis (Hauduroy et al.) 

 comb. nov. (Diplobacillus, Allen, Jour. 

 Amer. Vet. Med. Assn., 54, 1918, 307; 

 Diplobacillus, Jones and Little, Jour. 

 Exp. Med., 38, 1923, 139; Hemophilus 

 bovis Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. 

 Path., 1937, 247; Moraxella duplex des 

 Bovid^s, Lwoff, Ann. Inst. Past., 62, 

 1939, 174; Hemophilus ruminaniium 

 Reid and Anigstein, Texas Reports on 



