FAMILY BACTERIACEAE 



623 



from Maine, Connecticut and New York. 

 Peritrichous. Xo liquefaction of gela- 

 tin. Chestnut color on potato. 



Bacillus subalbus Kellerman et al. 

 (loc. cit., 512) . From soils from Georgia, 

 Kentucky and New York. 



Bacillus suhalhus var. batatatis Keller- 

 man etal. (loc. cit., 513). From soil from 

 South Carolina. Differs from the above 

 species in that it liquefies gelatin and 

 forms a very scant yellowish growth on 

 potato. 



Appendix III : The following genus has been proposed for Gram-negative rods that 

 utilize bacterial polysaccharides as a sole source of carbon. 



Genus A. Saccharobacterium Sickles and Shaw. 



(Jour. Bact., 28, 1934, 430.) 



Pleomorphic, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. Gram-negative. Grow in 

 mineral solutions containing bacterial polysaccharicks as the sole source of carbon. 

 Found in swamp and other uncultivated soils. Placed by the authors in the Family 

 Mycobactcriaccae because of resemblances between these bacteria and those placed 

 in Cytophaga, Cellfalcicula and Cellvibrio. As the latter genera are no longer placed 

 in this family, Saccharobacterium is placed temporarily in this appendix to the genus 

 Bacterium near bacteria that decompose cellulose and agar. 



The type species is Saccharobacterium ovale Sickles and Shaw. 



1 . Saccharobacterium ovale Sickles and 

 Shaw. (Jour. Bact., 28, 1934, 422.) 

 From Latin ovum, egg, ellipse. 



Extremely pleomorphic. Young cells 

 ellipsoidal, 1.5 bj' 2.0 microns, usually in 

 pairs, contain granules which stain 

 deeply with basic dyes. Older cultures 

 contain cells which may be from 12 to 15 

 microns long. Non-motile. Gram- 

 negative. 



No growth on ordinary media such as 

 beef-extract agar, blood agar, beef-ex- 

 tract agar slants, nutrient gelatin, po- 

 tato slants, litmus milk, beef -infusion 

 broth and beef -extract peptone broth. 



Medium A plus pneumococcus II car- 

 bohydrate and O.S per cent agar: Very 

 small, round, pink colonies, pinpoint in 

 size after about 5 days. After 2 weeks 

 1 mm in diameter. Coherent. 



Litmus milk: Xo growth. 



Beef-extract peptone with 1 per cent 

 sucrose : Moderate turbidity. Yellowish 

 sediment. 



Starch : Hydrolyzed in Medium A con- 

 taining pneumococcus II carbohydrate. 



Growth in lactose and sucrose broths. 



Growth in maltose, xylose and dextrin 

 broths in some strains. No acid from 

 inulin, mannitol, salicin and glucose 

 broths. 



Aerobic. 



Minimum temperature 20°C. Opti- 

 mum 34° to 35 °C. Maximum 37 °C. 

 Thermal death point 54°C for 10 minutes. 



Minimum pH 6.4. Optimum pH 7.0 

 to 7.4. Maximum pH 7.8. 



Distinctive characters: The addition 

 of 0.5 per cent sodium chloride to any 

 favorable medium completely prevents 

 growth of the organism (Medium A is 

 that used by Dubos and Avery in 1931, 

 (NH4)2S04, 1 g, K2HPO4, 2.0 g, tap water 

 1000 ml) . Decomposes the carbohydrate 

 of pneumococcus type II. 



Source: Swamps and other unculti- 

 vated soils. 



Habitat: SoiL 



2. Saccharobacteriiun acuminattun 



Sickles and Shaw. (Jour. Bact., 28, 

 1934, 425.) From Latin acuminare, to 

 sharpen. 



Extremely pleomorphic. Young or- 

 ganisms are pointed, often curved rods, 



