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MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



III. Flavobacterium . 



A. Non-motile. 



1. Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



8. Flavohactcrium uliginosum. 



B. Peritrichous flagella. 



1. Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



9. Flavobacterium ainocontacturn. 



1 . Achromobacter pastinator Goresline. 

 (Jour. Bact., 26, 1933. 442.) From Latin 

 pastinator, one who digs a trench. 



Short rods: 0.4 by 1.5 microns, occur- 

 ring singly and in pairs. Motile with 

 two to five peritrichous flagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Plain gelatin stab: No growth. 



Nutrient gelatin stab : Surface growth 

 very scanty. No liquefaction. 



Nutrient agar colonies: At first tiny, 

 almost colorless, becoming yellowish 

 and ring-like. Agar liquefied rapidly. 



Nutrient agar slant : Growth good, fiat, 

 not thick. Agar liquefied along streak 

 often to the depth of a quarter of an 

 inch. Pocket formed at bottom of slant 

 filled with a rather viscous, yellowish 

 fluid. 



Nutrient broth: Slight turbidity after 

 5 days. Subsurface but no surface 

 growth. No sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid after 20 

 days. No curd. Only a trace of reduc- 

 tion at bottom of tube. 



Potato: No growth. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



No H2S produced. 



Acid from arabinose, glucose, galac- 

 tose, lactose, fructose, maltose, mannose, 

 melezitose, pectin, raffinose, rhamnose, 

 salicin, sucrose, starch and de.xtrin. 

 No growth in dulcitol, erythritol, manni- 

 tol, sorbitol, glycerol, xylose and inulin. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Limits of growth: pH .5.9 to 9.0. 



Temperature relations: Optimum 

 28°C. Good growth at 25^0. Moderate 

 growth at 20° and 37°C. No growth at 

 10° and 42°C. 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters: Digests agar 



rapidly; colonies sink through to the 

 glass of the Petri dish. Fehling's solu- 

 tion reduced by the liquefied agar. Con- 

 siderable change in viscosity of agar due 

 to the digestion. 



Source: From a trickling filter receiv- 

 ing creamery wastes. 



Habitat: Probably widely distributed 

 in nature. 



2. Agarbacterium bufo Angst. (Puget 

 Sound Biol. Sta. Pub., 7, 1929, 49.) 



Short rods with rounded ends, 0.6 by 

 0.8 micron, occurring singly and in pairs. 

 Non-motile. No capsules. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Fish gelatin stab: Stratiform liquefac- 

 tion, growth best at top. 



Fish gelatin colonies: Circular, crateri- 

 form, granular. 



Fish agar slant: Abundant, filiform, 

 raised, glistening, opaque, yellow, mem- 

 branous growth. 



Fish agar colonies: Circular, concen- 

 trically ringed, sunken, entire, granular, 

 yellow to orange. 



Digests agar; cellulose not attacked. 



Potato: No growth. 



Plain milk unchanged, surface growth 

 yellow. 



Does not produce H2S or indole. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



.Vcid from mannitol. No acid from 

 xylose, rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, 

 sucrose or lactose. 



Starch not hydrolj'zed. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature 25° to 2S°C. 

 Maximum under 36 °C. 



Source : Isolated from Odonthalia kamt- 

 schatica. 



Habitat: On marine algae. 



