718 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



nol and nitrites are not usually formed. 

 Fermentation of the pentoses and manni- 

 tol, the ability to grow well on glucose 

 nitrate agar, susceptibility to the bac- 

 teriophage active against Bacillus 

 megatherium or Bacillus cereus and the 

 general character of the growth deter- 

 mines whether the intermediate is more 

 closely related to Bacillus megatherium 

 or to Bacillus cereus. 



Bacillus cohaerens Gottheil (Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 7, 1901, 458 and 689) 

 may be taken as a representative of this 

 intermediate group resembling Bacillus 

 megatherium more closely than Bacillus 

 cereus. Gottheil gave as possible syn- 

 onyms: Bacillus vermicularis Frankland 

 and Frankland, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 6, 1889, 

 384 (Bacleriutn vermiculare Migula, Syst. 

 d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 302); Bacillus filiformis 

 Tils, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 5, 1890, 293; Bacillus 

 lactis albus Eisenberg, Bakt. Diag., 3 

 Aufl., 1891, 110; Bacillus virgatus Kern, 

 Arb. bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 1897, 416; 

 Bacillus cylindrosporus Burchard, Arb. 

 bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 2, 1898, 31; Bacil- 

 lus bipolar is Burchard, ibid., 34. 

 ■ Other strains which apparently belong 

 to this same group are : Bacteriinn pansinii 

 Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 303 

 (Bacillus No. 3, Pansini, Arch. f. path. 

 Anat., 122, 1890, 439; Bacterium granu- 

 latum Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 

 1901, 189) ; Bacterium tomentosum Henrici, 

 Arb. bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 1897, 40; 

 Bacillus teres Neide, Cent. f. Bakt., II 

 Abt., 12, 1904, 161. 



Representing those strains in this in- 

 termediate group more closely related to 

 Bacillus cereus is Bacillus simplex Got- 

 theil {loc. cit., 685). Gottheil gave the 

 following as possible synonyms : Bacillus 

 vacuolosis Sternberg, Manual of Bact., 

 1893, 717; Bacillus natans Kern, Arb. 

 bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 1897, 413; 

 Bacillus loxosporus Burchard, Arb. bakt. 

 Inst. Karlsruhe, 2, 1898, 49. 



7a. Bacillus cereus var. mycoides 

 (Fliigge) comb. nov. {Bacillus mycoides 



Flligge, Die Mikroorganismen, 2 Aufl., 

 1886, 324.) From Greek mykes, fungus; 

 eidos, form, shape, i.e., fungus-like. 



Gottheil, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 7, 

 1901, 589, gave the following as probable 

 synonyms: Wurzel bacillus, Eisenberg, 

 Bakt. Diag., 1st ed., 1886, 4; Bacillus 

 figurans Crookshank, Manual, 1st ed., 

 1886 (Bacterium figurans Chester, Ann. 

 Kept. Del. Col. Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 

 134); Bacillus brassicae Pommer, Mitt, 

 a. d. botan. Inst, zu Graf, 1, 1886, 95 

 (Bacterium brassicae Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 296); Bacterium casei 

 Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 304 

 (Bacillus No. XVI, Adametz, Landw. 

 Jahrb., 18, 1889, 248; Bacterium proteum 

 Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 

 195) ; Bacillus ra7nosus Frankland and 

 Frankland, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 6, 1889, 388 

 (not Bacillus ramosus Veillon and Zuber, 

 Arch. M^d. Exp. et Anat. Path., 10, 

 1898, 542) ; Bacillus radicosus Zimmer- 

 mann, Die Bakterien unserer Trink- u. 

 Xutzwasser, etc., I Reihe, 1890, 30 

 (Bacterium radicosum Migula, Syst. d. 

 Bakt., 2, 1900, 283); Bacillus implexus 

 Zimmermann, ibid. (Bacterium im- 

 plexum Migula, ibid., 298); Bacillus in- 

 tricatus Migula, ibid., 546 (Cladothrix in- 

 tricata Russell, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 11, 

 1892, 191). 



Another possible synonym is Bacillus 

 praussnitzii Trevisan (I generi e le specie 

 delle Batteriacee, 1889, 20). Laubach, 

 Jour. Bact., 1, 1916, 495, found that this 

 differed from Bacillus mycoides only in 

 the fermentation of lactose. This has 

 been substantiated by later work. 



Holzmiiller (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 23, 1909, 304) described four varieties of 

 Bacillus mycoides which he designated by 

 Greek letters and in addition named four 

 new species which were apparently only 

 variations of Bacillus mycoides: Bacillus 

 effusus, Bacillus olfactorius, Bacillus 

 nanus and Bacillus dendroides (not Ba- 

 cillus dendr aides Thornton, Ann. Appl. 

 Biol., 9, 1922,247). 



Bacillus cereus var. mycoides is identi- 



