FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



727 



1926; Sturtevant, Jour. Agr. Res., 4^, 

 1932, 257; Hitchcock, Jour. Econ. Ento- 

 mol., 29, 1936, 895; Stoilowa, Cent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 99, 1938, 124; Tarr, Ann. 

 Appl. Biol., 25, 1938, 633; Hoist and 

 Sturtevant, Jour. Bact., 40, 1940, 723. 



16. Bacillus popilliae Dutky. (Jour. 

 Agr. Research, 61, 1940, 59.) From the 

 genus name of the Japanese beetle, Popil- 

 lia japonica Newm. 



Spores : Cylindrical, 0.9 by 1.8 microns, 

 central. Free spores have not been 

 observed. 



Sporangia: Swollen, spindle-shaped. 

 Contains a refractile body at the broader 

 pole of the cell which is about half the size 

 of the spore and reacts similarly to stains. 



Rods : Unstained, 0.9 by 5.2 microns. 

 Stained by crystal violet after fixing in 

 Schaudinn's solution, 0.3 by 3.5 microns. 

 Non-motile. Gram-positive. 



Unheated egg yolk-beef infusion agar 

 slants : Growth occurs as small discrete 

 colonies. 



Optimum temperature about 30°C. 

 Maximum temperature about 36°C. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Source : From infected larvae. 



Habitat : Cause of type A milky disease 

 of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica. 

 See Hawley and White, X. Y. Ent. Soc. 

 Jour., 43, 1935, 405. 



17. Bacillus lentimorbus Dutky. 

 (Jour. Agr. Res., 61, 1940, 65.) From 

 Latin lentus, slow, lingering, and morbus, 

 death. 



Spores : Ellipsoidal, 0.9 by 1.8 microns, 

 central. 



Sporangia: Swollen, spindle-shaped. 

 No refractile granule at pole. 



Rods : Unstained, 1.0 by 5.0 microns. 

 Stained by crystal violet after fixing in 

 Schaudinn's solution, 0.5 by 4.0 microns. 

 No growth on artificial media. 



Optimum temperature about 25°C. 

 Maximum temperature about 30°C. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Source : Diseased larvae. 



Habitat : Cause of type B milky disease 

 of Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica. 



18 . Bacillus sphaericus Neide. (Cent . 

 f. Bakt., II Abt., 12, 1904, 350.) From 

 Latin sphaericus, spherical. 



Neide {loc. cit.) gave the following as 

 possible synonyms : Bacillus (Strepto- 

 bacter) albuminus Schroeter, in Cohn, 

 Kryptogamenflora von Schlesien, 3, 1, 

 1886, 162; Bacillus putrificus coli Fliigge, 

 Die Mikroorganismen, 2 Aufi., 1886, 303; 

 Bacillus gracilis Zimmermann, Die Bak- 

 terien unserer Trink- u. Nutzwasser, 

 etc., 1, 1890, 50 {Bacterium gracile Ches- 

 ter, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 198); 

 Bacillus butyricus Botkin, Ztschr. f. 

 Hyg., 11, 1892, 421; Bacillus thalas- 

 sophilus Russell, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 11, 

 1892, 190; Bacillus pseudotelanicus aero- 

 bius Kruse, in Fliigge, Die Mikoorganis- 

 men, 3 Aufl., 2, 1896, 267 {Bacillus pseu- 

 dotelanicus Migula, Syst. der Bakt., 2, 

 1900, 626; not Bacillus pseudotelanicus 

 Kruse, idem; not Bacillus pseudoletanicus 

 Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 1901, 302; 

 Bacillus pseudotelanicus var. aerobius 

 Chester, ibid., 303); Plectridium palu- 

 dosum Fischer, Jahr. f. Wiss. Bot., 27, 

 1895, 147; Pseudotetanicusbacillus, 

 Tavel, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 23, 1898, 

 538 {Bacillus pseudotetani Migula, Syst. 

 der Bakt., 2, 1900, 598; Bacillus taveli 

 Chester, loc. cit., 304). 



Also apparently identical with Bacillus 

 sphaericus: Bacillus subietanicus Migula, 

 Syst. der Bakt., 2, 1900, 629; Bacillus 

 lactimorbus Jordan and Harris, Jour. 

 Amer. Med. Assoc, 50, 1908, 1669 (see 

 also Jour. Inf. Dis.,e, 1909,465) ; Bacillus 

 serositidis Lacorte, Memorias do Instit. 

 Oswaldo Cruz, 26, 1932, 1. 



There has been considerable confusion 

 over the correct name to be applied to the 

 non-pathogenic aerobic organisms re- 

 sembling Clostridium tetani. Kruse {loc. 

 cit.) isolated his cuture of Bacillus 

 pseudoletanicus aerobius from a case of 

 human tetanus. It was aerobic at ordi- 

 nary temperatures but produced spores 



