FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



729 



organisms of this group stated "each 

 species contains strains dissimilar in 

 several features and each is connected to 

 theothers by transitional forms". Smith, 

 Gordon, and Clark {loc. cit.) tentatively 

 have placed it as a variety of Bacillus 

 sphaericus. 



Source : From soil. 



Habitat : Widely distributed in soil. 



19. Bacillus pasteurii (Miquel) Ches- 

 ter. ( Urobacillus pasteuTvi Miquel, Ann. 

 Micrographie, 1, 1889, 552; sive Bacillus 

 ureaea,ibid., 2, 1890, 13, 53, 122, 145, 367, 

 488; Chester, Ann. Rept. Del. Col. Agr. 

 Exp. Sta., 10, 1898, 110.) Named for 

 the French scientist, Louis Pasteur 

 (1822-1895). 



Viehover, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 39, 

 1913, 209, gave the following as possible 

 synonyms : Urobacillus maddoxii Miquel, 

 Ann. Micrographie, 3, 1891, 27-5 and 305 

 {Bacterium maddoxi Chester, Ann. Rept. 

 Del. Col. Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 98; 

 Bacillus maddoxi Chester, ibid., 10, 

 1898, 110); Urobacillus leubei Beijerinck, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 7, 1901, 51. 



Synonyms according to Gibson, Jour. 

 Bact., 29, 1935, 494 and 496: Bacillus 

 probatusYiehover, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 39, 1913, 209; Urobacillus psychrocar- 

 tericus and Urobacillus hesmogenes Ru- 

 bentschik. Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 66, 

 1925, 166 (Bacillus psychrocartericus and 

 Bacillus hesmogenes Bergey et al., Man- 

 ual, 3rd ed., 1930, 403, 404). Gibson also 

 included the following as possibly identi- 

 cal with the above although they were 

 incompletely described: Bacillusureae II 

 and /// Burri, Herfeldt and Stutzer, 

 Jour. Landw., 4^, 1894, 329; Urobacillus 

 duclauxii Miquel, Ann. Micrographie, 2, 

 1890, 53, 122, and 145; Urobacillus mad- 

 doxii Miquel, ibid., 3, 1891, 275 and 305. 



Description taken from Lohnis and 

 Kuntze, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 20, 1908, 

 684 ; Gibson, Jour. Bact., 28, 1934, 295 and 

 313 ; Smith, Gordon, and Clark {loc. cit.). 



This species has been designated as 

 the type species of the genus Urobacillus 

 Miquel (Ann. de. Micrographie, 1, 1889, 



517) by Enlows (U. S. Pub. Health Ser., 

 Hyg. Lab. Bull. 121, 1920, 96). 



Spores: Spherical, 1.0 to 1.2 microns, 

 terminal to subterminal. 



Sporangia: Prevailingly clavate. Not 

 in chains. 



Rods: 0.7 to 0.8 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns 

 (1.0 to 1.5 by 4.0 to 5.0 microns, Lohnis 

 and Kuntze), occurring singly or in pairs. 

 Motile. Gram-variable. 



Urea gelatin stab : Slow liquefaction. 



Urea agar colonies: Small, entire, not 

 characteristic. 



Urea agar slope: Growth thin, very 

 little spreading, colorless or white to 

 yellowish. Will not grow at pH 6.0 or 

 less. 



L^rea broth: Moderate to heavy uni- 

 form turbidity. Will grow with 4 per 

 cent NaCl added. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates in urea 

 nitrate nutrient broth. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Carbohydrates not attacked. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol not formed. 



LTrease produced. 



Optimum temperature about 30°C, 

 minimum 6°C. Maximum temperature 

 allowing growth 40°C in water bath. 

 Optimum temperature for urease activity 

 50°C. 



Aerobic. 



The distinguishing character of this 

 species is that growth occurs only in 

 peptone media containing urea or free 

 ammonia under neutral or alkaline 

 conditions. 



Source: From decomposing urine. 



Habitat: Widely distributed in soil, 

 dust, manure, and sewage. 



20. Bacillus thermoamylolyticus Cool- 

 haas. (Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 75, 1928, 

 344.) From Greek thermos, hot, amylon, 

 starch, and lytikos, able to loose; hence, 

 dissolving. Probably intended to mean 

 thermophilic and starch digesting. 



Spores: Slightly elongated, ellipsoids 

 0.6 by 1.5 microns, central. 



Sporangia: Cylindrical, not swollen, 

 not in chains. 



