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MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Svartz, Jour. Inf. Dis., 47, 1930, 138 

 (Clostridium iodophilum Pr^vot, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 61, 1938, 80); Granulobacter 

 saccharobutyricus immobile nunliquefa- 

 ciens McCoy, Fred, Peterson and 

 Hastings, Jour. Inf. Dis., 46, 1930, 121; 

 Bacillus amylobacter S and W, Wertheim, 

 U. S. Letters Pat., 1,917,676, 1933; 

 Clostridium tyrobutyricum van Beynum 

 and Pette, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 93, 

 1935, 208; Clostridium polyfermeniicuni, 

 Clostridium saccharopetum, Clostridium 

 saccharophilicum and Clostridium sac- 

 charopostulatum Partansky and Henry, 

 Jour. Bact.. 30, 1935, 564. 



la. Clostridium beijerinckii Donker. 

 (Donker, Thesis, Delft, 1926, 145.) 

 Named for M. W. Beijerinck, the Dutch 

 bacteriologist. 



Has the general characters of Clos- 

 tridium hutyricum. 



Distinctive character : Non-fermenta- 

 tion of starch. 



Acid and gas from glucose, lactose, 

 sucrose, inulin, galactose, fructose and 

 mannitol. Glycerol and starch not fer- 

 mented. 



Source : From soil and fermenting plant 

 tissues. 



Habitat : Apparently widely distrib- 

 uted in agricultural soils. 



lb. Clostridium pasleurianiun Wino- 

 gradsky. (Winogradsky, Arch. Sci. Biol. 

 (Russ.), 3, 1895, 330; Clostridium pas- 

 torianum Winogradsky, Cent. f. Bakt., 

 II Abt., 9, 1902, 43 ; Bacillus pasteurianus 

 Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 

 4thAufl.,^, 1907,82; Bacillus pastorianus 

 Lehmann and Neumann, ibid., 462; not 

 Bacillus pastorianus Mac^, Traits Prat, 

 d. Bact., 4th ed., 1901, 957; Bacillus 

 winogradskyi Weinberg et al., Les Mi- 

 crobes Ana^r., 1937, 645.) Named for 

 Louis Pasteur, the French scientist. 



Probably related species : Bodily, Univ. 

 Colorado Studies, 26, 1938, 30, records 5 

 new species isolated from 10 strains re- 



ceived labeled C. pasteurianum. These 

 have been designated as Bacillus dulcito- 

 fermentans, Bacillus rhamnoticus, Bacil- 

 lus inulofugus. Bacillus nonpentosus and 

 Bacillus azoticus. 



Has the general characters of Clos- 

 Iridium, butyricum. 



Distinctive characters : Prolonged re- 

 tention of the spore within a peculiar 

 brush-like spore-capsule, and the non- 

 fermentation of starch. Assimilates free 

 atmospheric nitrogen. 



Distinguished from Clostridium bei- 

 jerinckii by the non-fermentation of 

 lactose and mannitol, and from Clos- 

 tridium, butyricum by the non-fermenta- 

 tion of starch. 



Acid and gas from glucose, sucrose, 

 inulin, galactose, fructose and dextrin. 

 Glycerol, starch, lactose and mannitol 

 not fermented. 



Source : Originally isolated from soil . 



Habitat : Not determined, but appar- 

 ently of restricted and local distribution 

 in soil. 



Ic. Clostridium multifermentans Ber- 

 gey et al. (Bacillus multifermentans 

 tenalbus Stoddard, Lancet, 1, 1912, 12; 

 Multifermentans tenalbus Heller, Jour. 

 Bact., 7, 1922, 6; Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 324.) From Latin, multus, 

 many, and fermentans, fermenting. 



Has the general characters of Clos- 

 tridium butyricum, and is probably only 

 a variety. 



Distinctive character: Blood agar 

 colonies show a zone of hemolysis in 24 

 hours. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates. 



Distinguished from Clostridium bu- 

 tyricum by the above characters and by 

 the fermentation of glycerol and non- 

 fermentation of mannitol. 



Distinguished from Clostridium bei- 

 jerinckii by the fermentation of starch 

 and of glycerol. 



Distinguished from Clostridium pas- 

 teurianum by fermentation of starch and 

 of lactose. 



