774 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Spores elongate, subterminal slightly 

 swelling rods. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Not liquefied. 



Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Irregular, flat and non-hemolytic. 



Deep agar colonies : Minute, flat, 

 opaque disks, becoming lobate. 



Milk: Poor growth. Gas formed in 

 traces, but milk unchanged. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 mannitol, salicin and xylose. Traces of 

 gas, but no acid, from galactose, maltose, 

 sucrose, lactose, raffinose, inulin and 

 glycerol. 



Coagulated albumin not liquefied. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium with iron is moderately 

 blackened. Digestion not recorded. 



Pathogenic for guinea pig and rabbit. 

 Subcutaneous inoculation induces marked 

 edema. Death may occur in from 1 to 9 

 days. 



Toxicity: Glucose broth culture fil- 

 trates kill guinea pig and rabbit in 24 to 

 36 hours. 



Grows well at 37°C. 



Anaerobic . 



Source : From feces of new-born infants . 



Habitat : Not determined, other than 

 this source. 



5. Clostridium viscifaciens Sherman 

 and Erb. (U. S. Pat., 2,017,572, 1935.) 

 From Latin, viscus, birdlime, glue; fa- 

 ciens, making. 



Rods : Vegetative cells 3 to 10 microns 

 long; average about 6 microns. Motile. 

 Spores oval, 1 by 2 microns, central to 

 subterminal, sometimes swelling rods to 

 club-like and spindle-shaped cells. 

 Gram -negative. 



Granulose reaction positive. 



Gelatin : Not liquefied. 



Plain agar slant (anaerobic ) : No 

 growth. 



Plain agar stab : No growth. 



Liquid media: Tendency toward floc- 

 culent growth. 



Milk: Acidified but not coagulated. 

 Casein not digested. 



Corn mash : Not fermented or digested. 



Indole not formed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Ammonia produced from peptone. 



Acid, gas and alcohols produced from 

 glucose and maltose. 



Acid and gas from sucrose, lactose, 

 dextrin, starch, glycerol, mannitol and 

 salicin. 



Calcium lactate : Not fermented. 



Fermentation products include butyl 

 alcohol (66 parts), iso-propyl alcohol (31 

 parts), and small amounts of acetone (3 

 parts). 



Limiting reaction for growth : About pH 

 4.0 to about pH 8.0. 



Optimum temperature 32°C to 36°C. 

 Grows from 15°C to 42.5°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Distinctive character : In fermentable 

 sugar broths it produces a copious floc- 

 culum. 



Source : From soil and from grains and 

 other plant materials in contact with soil. 



Habitat : Apparently widely dispersed 

 in agricultural soils. 



G. Clostridium septicum (Mace) Ford.* 

 (Vibrion septique, Pasteur and Joubert, 

 Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 85, 1877, 

 113, and Bull. Acad. Med., 2° Ser., 6, 

 1877, 794; Vibrio pasteurii Trevisan, 

 Reale 1st. Lombardo d. Sci. e. Lett., 

 Rendiconti, Ser. 2, 12, 1879, 147; Bacillus 

 septicus Mac6, Traits Prat. d. Bact., 1st 

 ed., 1888, 455; not Bacillus septicus 

 Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 646 (Un- 

 named aerobic bacillus, Babes, Sept. 

 Proc. d. Kindesalters, Leipzig, 1889, 32; 

 Bacillus septicus ulceris gangraenosi 



* Note: In an editorial. Jour. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 62, 1922-23, 565, the name 

 Clostridium septicum is ascribed to Winslow et al.. Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 191. Search 

 fails to confirm the reference. Casual mention is not regarded as sufficient to establish 

 priority. Hence, Ford is regarded as the author of this binomial. 



