776 



MANUAL OF DETERMINATIVE BACTERIOLOGY 



Brain medium not. blackened or di- 

 gested. 



Meat medium reddened; not blackened 

 or digested. 



Pathogenic lor guinea pig, rabbit, 

 mouse and pigeon. Forms an exotoxin 

 for which an antitoxin is prepared. 



Optimum temperature about 37"C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : Originallj" isolated from ani- 

 mals inoculated with soil; later from ma- 

 lignant edema of animals, and from 

 human war wounds and from appendicitis. 



Habitat : Animal intestine, and in 

 manured soils. 



7. Clostridium feseri Trevisan. (Be- 

 weglichen Bakterien, Feser, Ztschr. f. 

 Prakt. Vet.-Wissensch., 4, 1876, 19; Tre- 

 visan, Atti Accad. Fis. -Med. -Stat, di 

 Milano, S, 1885, 116; Bacterium chauvoei 

 Arloing, Cornevin and Thomas, Le char- 

 bon symptomatique du boeuf, Paris, 2nd 

 ed., 1887, 82; Bacillus chauvoei De Toni 

 and Trevisan, in Saccardo, Sylloge Fun- 

 gorum, 8, 1889, 1004; Bacillus chauvaei 

 Trevisan, I generi e le specie delle Bat- 

 teriacee, 1889, 22; Bacillus feseri Kitt, 

 Bacterienkunde, etc., 2 Aufl., 1893, 233; 

 Bacillus anthracis symptomatici Kruse, 

 in Fliigge, Die Mikroorg., 3 Aufl., 2, 1896, 

 245; Bacillus carbonis Migula, in Engler 

 and Prantl, Die nattir. Pfianzenfam., 1, 

 la, 1895, 26; Butyribacillus chauvoei 

 Orla-Jensen, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 22, 

 1909, 342; Bacillus gangraenae emphy- 

 sematosae Hutyra and Marek, Spez. Path. 

 u. Ther. d. Haust., 3 Aufl., 1, 1910, 39; 

 Bacillus chauvei Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 

 1920, 217; Clostridium chauvei Holland, 

 ibid., 217; Bacillus anthracis -sympto- 

 m,atici Holland, ibid., 217; Clostridium 

 anthracis-symptomatici Holland, ibid., 

 217; Bacillus sarkophysematos Miessner, 

 Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 89 (Bhft.), 

 1922, 123 {Bacillus sarcophysematos Zeiss- 

 ler, ibid., 119; not Bacillus sarcophysema- 

 tos Kitt, Bakterienkunde, etc., 2 Aufl., 

 1893, Index, X); Bacillus symptomaticus 

 Matouschek, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 58, 

 1923, 472; Clostridium chauvoei Scott, 

 Jour. Inf. Dis., 38, 1926, 262; Clostridium 



chauvaei Scott, Cornell Vet., 18, 1928, 

 259. ) Named for Feser, an early German 

 bacteriologist. 



Possible synonyms : Bacterio ocello 

 cuneato, Rivolta, Giorn. di Anat., Fisiol. 

 e Patol. d. Animali, Piso, U, 1882, 33; 

 Bacillum cuneatum, Rivolta, ibid., 67; 

 Bacillum ocello-cuneatum, Rivolta, ibid., 

 67; Bacteriutn cuneatum Rivolta, ibid., 

 77; Bacterium ocello cuneatum Rivolta, 

 ibid., 78; Bacillus sarcophysematosi Pep- 

 pier, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 29, 1901, 354. 



Rods : 1.0 by 3.0 to 8.0 microns, occur- 

 ring singly, in pairs and in short chains. 

 Usually show a dark chromatic point near 

 each end. Motile with peritrichous 

 flagella. Spores oval, excentric to sub- 

 terminal, swelling rods. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. Gas bubbles. 



Agar surface colonies (anaerobic): 

 Small, grayish, semi-opaque, filamentous. 



Agar slant (anaerobic): Grayish, 

 spreading growth. 



Broth : Turbid, slightly peptolytic. 



Litmus milk: Acid; slowly coagulated. 

 Gas maj' be formed. Clot not digested. 



Indole not formed (early studies record 

 only a trace). 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, maltose, lactose and sucrose. 

 Inulin, salicin, mannitol, glycerol and 

 dextrin not fermented (Hall, Jour. Inf. 

 Dis., 30, 1922,486). 



Coagulated albumin not liquefied. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium not blackened or 

 digested. 



Egg-meat medium : Small gas bubbles 

 in 8 hours. Meat becomes pinkish and 

 the liquid slightly turbid. No blacken- 

 ing or digestion. 



Pathogenic for guinea pig, mouse and 

 rabbit. Forms an exotoxin. 



Optimum temperature 37°C. Can 

 grow at 50°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source : The cause of black leg, black 

 quarter or symptomatic anthrax in cattle 

 and other animals. 



Habitat: Probably soil; especially 

 where heavily manured. 



