FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



777 



8. Clostridium hemolyticiun (Hall) 

 Hauduroy et al . {Clostridium hemolyticus 

 bovis Vawter and Records, Jour. Amer. 

 Vet. Med. Assoc, 68 (N.S. ^1), 1925-26, 

 512; Bacillus hemolyticus Hall, Jour. Inf. 

 Dis., 45, 1929, 156; Hauduroy et al.. Diet. 

 d. Bact. Path., 1937, 125.) From Greek, 

 haem^, blood; lyticus, dissolving. 



Related species : Clostridium hemo- 

 lyticum var. sordelli Hauduroy et al., 

 loc. cit., 126 (Bacillus sp. (?), Sordelli, 

 Prado and Ferrari, Compt. rend. Soc. 

 Biol., Paris, 106, 1931, 142; Unnamed 

 anaerobe of Matte, Inst. Biol. Soc. Nac. 

 Agric.,Chile, ;?A, 1921, (31?) (cited from 

 Vawter and Records, loc. cit., 172). 



Rods: 1.0 to 1.3 by 3.0 to 5.6 microns, 

 with rounded ends, occurring singly, in 

 pairs and in short chains. Motile with 

 long peritrichous flagella. Spores oval to 

 elongate, subterminal, swelling rods. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Blood agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Light, diffuse growth. Blood hemolyzed. 



Deep agar colonies : At first lenticular, 

 becoming densely woolly masses with 

 short peripheral filaments. Little or no 

 gas formed. 



Broth plus liver : Luxuriant diffuse 

 turbidity, followed by agglutinative 

 clearing. Moderate gas formed. 



Milk : Acid and slow coagulation. Clot 

 not digested. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose and glycerol. Lactose, maltose, 

 sucrose, raffinose, arabinose, xylose, 

 inulin, salicin, mannitol and dulcitol not 

 fermented. Subsequent studies show 

 that pure galactose is not fermented 

 (Records and Vawter, Nevada Agr. Exp. 

 Sta., Bull. 173, 1945, 48 pp.). 



Indole is formed. 



Methyl red and Voges-Proskauer tests 

 are negative. 



Nitrites are not produced from 

 nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide is produced. The 

 four characteristics given above are 

 from Records and Vawter (loc. cit., 30). 



Coagulated albumin not liquefied. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium not blackened or 

 digested. 



Meat medium reddened, not black- 

 ened. No digestion. 



Pathogenic and toxic for guinea pig and 

 rabbit. Effect due to an unstable hemo- 

 lytic toxin. 



Grows well at 37°C. 



Anaerobic . 



Source : From blood and tissues of cattle 

 dying of icterohemoglobinuria. 



Habitat : Not determined. Thus far 

 isolated only from animals. 



9. Clostridium novyi (Migula) Bergey 

 et al. (Bacillus oedematis maligni No. 

 II, Novy, Ztschr. f. Hyg., 17, 1894, 212; 

 Bacillus oedematis thermophihis Kruse, 

 in Fltigge, Die Mikruorg., 3 Aufi., 2, 1896, 

 242; Bacillus novyi Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 

 2, 1900, 872; Bacterium oedematis ther- 

 mophilus Chester, Ann. Rept. Del. Col. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta., 9, 1897, 126; Bacillus ther- 

 mophilus Chester, Man. Determ. Bact., 

 1901, 265; Bacillus oedeviatiens Weinberg 

 and Seguin, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., 

 Paris, 75, 1915, 507 (Bacille B, Weinberg 

 and Seguin, ibid., 177); Novillus maligni 

 Heller, Jour. Bact., 7, 1922, 7; Clos- 

 tridium oedematiens Bergey et al., 

 Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 326; Bergey et al., 

 idem; Clostridium thermophilum Pribram, 

 Jour. Bact., 22, 1931, 430; Clostridium 

 novyi Type A, Scott, Turner and Vawter, 

 Proc, 12th Internat. Vet. Congr., 2, 

 1934, 175.) Named for F. G. Novy, the 

 American bacteriologist who first iso- 

 lated this organism. 



Related or possibly identical species : 

 Neuen pathogenen anaeroben Bacillus, 

 Kerry, Osterr. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Veterin- 

 ark., 5, 1894, 228; Bacterium nivosum 

 LeBlaye and Guggenheim, Man. Prat. d. 

 Diag. Bact., 1914, 344 (Bacille neigeux, 

 Jungano, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 

 62, 1907, 677; Bacillo nevoso, Jungano, II 

 Tommasi, 2, 1907, (731?); Gasodembazil- 

 lus, Aschoff, Deuts. med. Wchnschr., Jt2, 

 1916, 512; Bacillus beUonensis Sacqu^p^e, 



