FAMILY BACILLACEAE 



781 



Hydrogen sulfide produced from thio- 

 sulfate or sulfite; generally negative from 

 proteinaceous sources. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Brain medium not blackened or 

 digested. 



Non-pathogenic for guinea pig and 

 rabbit. 



Optimum temperature probably about 

 37°C. Grows from 20°C to 47°C. 



Anaerobic. 



Source: From corn, molasses, potato 

 and garden soil. 



Habitat : Widely, but apparently 

 sparsely, dispersed in agricultural soils. 



Note : A number of acetone and butyl 

 alcohol-fermenting anaerobes have been 

 described. Present knowledge, however, 

 does not permit any expression of the 

 degree of possible relationship. Only a 

 few well-described species are cited. 

 Bacillus butylicus B. F., Ricard, U. S. 

 Pat., 1,385,888, 1921; Bacillus butylaceti- 

 cum Freiberg, U. S. Pat., 1,537,597, 

 1925; Clostridium butyricum {Prazmow- 

 ski-Pike-Smyth) Pike and Smyth, U. S. 

 Pat., 1,655,435, 1928; Butylobactcr betae, 

 Butylobacter sinense, Butylobacter solani 

 and Butylobacter zeae Bakonyi, British 

 Pat., 328,723, 1930, and U. S. Pat., 1,818,- 

 782, 1931; Bacillus saccharobrityricus 

 liqucjaciens McCoy et al.. Jour. Inf. Dis., 

 46", 1930, 121 (Bacillus saccharobutyricum 

 liquefaciens Legg and Stiles, U. S. Pat., 

 1, [27 ,813, 1933); Clostridium saccharo- 

 butylicum-gaimna Izsak and Funk, U. S. 

 Pat., 1,908,361, 1933 (Clostridium sac- 

 charobutylicum gamma and Clostridium 

 saccharobutyricum gamma Izsak and 

 Funk, U. S. Pat., 2,016,112, 1935); 

 Clostridium saccharo-acetobutylicum-al- 

 pha McCoy, British Pat., 415,311, 1934; 

 Clostridium propyl-butylicum Muller and 

 Legg, British Pat., 415,312, 1934 (Clostri- 

 dium propyl butylicum Legg and Stiles, 

 U. S. Pat., 2,063,448, 1936); Clostridium 

 saccharobutyl-acetonicum Loughlin, Brit- 

 ish Pat., 409,730, 1934, and U. S. Pat., 

 1,996,428, 1935, and 1,992,921, 1935; Clos- 

 tridium saccharo-acetobutylicumStilessind 

 Legg, British Pat., 437,121, 1935 (Clostri- 



dium, saccharo-acetobutylicum Legg, U.S. 

 Pat., 2,063,449, 1936); Clostridium sac- 

 charo-acetobutylicum-beta Arzberger, U. 

 S. Pat., 2,050,219, 1936; Clostridium sac- 

 charo-acetobutylicum-gamma Arzberger, 

 ibid. ; Clostridium inverlo-acetobutylicum 

 Legg and Stiles, British Pat., 437,120, 

 1935, and Legg, U. S. Pat., 2, 063 ,449, 1936; 

 Clostridium (Bacillus) tetrylium Owen, 

 Mobley and Arroyo, Cent. f. Bakt., II 

 Abt., 95, 1936, 131; Clostridium sac- 

 charobutyl-isopropyl-acetonicum Lough- 

 lin, U. S. Pat., 2,085,666, 1937 (Clostri- 

 dium saccharo-butyl-isopropyl-acetoni- 

 cum Loughlin, ibid., and U. S. Pat., 

 2,096,377, 1937). 



12. Clostridium aerofoetidiim (Wein- 

 berg and Seguin) Bergeyetal. (BacilleD, 

 Weinberg, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., Paris, 

 79, 1916, 117; Bacillus aerofoetidus Wein- 

 berg and Seguin, ibid., 1028; Bacillus 

 aero-foetidus Mcintosh, Med. Res. 

 Counc, Spec. Rept. Ser. No. 39, 1919, 42; 

 Seguinillus aerofoetidus Heller, Jour. 

 Bact., 7, 1922, 7; Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 327.) From Latin, aer, air 

 and foetidus, fetid. 



Rods : 0.4 to 0.6 by 3.0 to 5.0 microns, 

 occurring singly, iu pairs and in short 

 chains. Motile with peritrichous flagella. 

 Spores rare, oval, subterminal, slightly 

 swelling rods. Gram-positive. 



Gelatin : Rapidly liquefied. 



Agar surface colonies (anaerobic) : 

 Circular, transparent, with faintly bluish 

 tint, fimbriate. 



Deep agar colonies : Lenticular, becom- 

 ing indented and lobate. 



Blood agar not hemolyzed. 



Glucose broth : Turbid; with sediment. 



Litmus milk: Acid; slowly coagulated; 

 followed by slow peptonization. Gas is 

 formed. 



Acid and gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, mannose, maltose, lactose, 

 xylose, amygdalin, salicin, esculin and 

 glycogen. Sucrose, inulin, glycerol and 

 mannitol not fermented. 



Coagulated albumin slowly liquefied. 



Blood serum is liquefied. 



